目的:研究淫羊藿苷对大鼠正畸牙移动过程中牙槽骨改建的作用机制。方法:48只雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠,建立正畸牙移动模型,随机分为对照组和淫羊藿苷组,每组分为4个亚组,每个亚组6只。实验组以灌胃方式给予大鼠淫羊藿苷20 mg/(kg·d),对照组给予等体积溶剂。各组大鼠在7、14、21、28 d处死,分离出上颌骨作为标本,测量上颌第一磨牙近中移动距离。所有标本做脱钙处理,制成上颌牙周组织切片,分别采用H-E染色、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP)染色观察移动牙周围牙周膜及牙槽骨的改建情况。采用SPSS16.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:淫羊藿苷组牙移动距离显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。光镜下显示,淫羊藿苷组压力侧破骨细胞数目在第7天时达到高峰,显著高于对照组;在第14天时与对照组持平,至28 d时低于对照组。结论:淫羊藿苷通过促进牙槽骨的改建而加速正畸牙移动。 Objective: To study the mechanism of icariin on alveolar remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methods: Forty eight male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group and icariin group. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups, 6 in each subgroup. The rats in experimental group were given icariin 20 mg / (kg · d) by intragastric administration, and the control group were given equal volume of solvent. The rats in each group were sacrificed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, and the maxilla was isolated as the specimen. The maxillary first molars distance was measured. All samples were decalcified to make the periodontal tissue of the upper jaw. H & E staining and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were used to observe the remodeling of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. SPSS16.0 software package for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Icariin group teeth moving distance was significantly greater than the control group (P <0.05). Light microscope showed that the number of pressure-side osteoclasts in icariin group reached the peak on the 7th day, which was significantly higher than that in the control group. On the 14th day, the number of osteoclasts in the pressure side was the same as that in the control group, but lower than that in the control group on the 28th day. Conclusion: Icariin accelerates orthodontic tooth movement by promoting alveolar remodeling.