论文部分内容阅读
近10年来,越来越多的病毒和体细胞的基因片段作为潜在的癌的基因被分离出来了。这些基因目前都称作癌基因(oncogene)。每年甚至每季度,都出现一些分离出新的癌基因的报告,例如,1982年冬报告ras癌基因,1983年夏报告c—sis癌基因,1984年春报告c-ebr癌基因和稍后的bcr癌基因。1985年秋报告c-erb癌基因,1987年冬报告c-jun癌基因。众多的癌基因的发现引起了一连串的问题:癌基因的本质是什么?癌基因怎样影响癌的发生?哪一步是癌发生的最关键的步骤?本文拟就这些问题加以讨论。
In the past 10 years, more and more viral and somatic gene segments have been isolated as potential cancer genes. These genes are currently called oncogenes. Every year and even quarterly, there are reports of the isolation of new oncogenes. For example, the winter of 1982 reported ras oncogenes, the summer of 1983 reported on c-sis oncogenes, the spring of 1984 reported on c-ebr oncogenes and later bcr Oncogene. The c-erb oncogene was reported in the autumn of 1985 and the c-jun oncogene was reported in the winter of 1987. The discovery of numerous oncogenes has led to a series of questions: What is the nature of oncogenes? How do cancer genes affect the occurrence of cancer? Which step is the most critical step in cancer development? This article intends to discuss these issues.