角膜内皮功能正常是保持角膜透明的重要条件。内皮具有的生理性屏障作用可阻止房水进入角膜;同时,内皮细胞的膜功能,依靠三磷酸腺苷酶代谢产生的能量,能将次碳酸离子主动地输送入房水,而将液体“泵”出角膜基质,使角膜经常处于“脱水”状态。如果内皮细胞受到外伤、炎症、毒素、变性的影响以致功能障碍时,角膜实质就会发生水肿、增厚而不透明;水分还可进一步积聚至上皮下而形成大疱性角膜病变。成人的角膜内皮细胞不会发生核分裂,当受到损害后,主要通过周围正常细胞的增大、扩展 Corneal endothelial function is an important condition to keep the cornea transparent. Endothelial has a physiological barrier to prevent aqueous humor into the cornea; the same time, the endothelial cell membrane function, relying on the energy generated by ATP metabolism, the bicarbonate ion can be actively transported into the aqueous humor, and the liquid “pump” out of the cornea Matrix, the cornea often in a “dehydrated” state. If the endothelial cells are traumatic, inflammatory, toxins, degeneration caused by dysfunction, corneal edema will occur, thickened and opaque; water can further accumulate under the skin and the formation of bullous keratopathy. Adult corneal endothelial cells will not occur nuclear fission, when damaged, mainly through the surrounding normal cells increased, expanded