中(舌)下叶肺结核大多发病较急,有高热、胸痛、咯血等肺炎样表现,早期误诊较多。我院1972年1月～1982年12月共收治1914例肺科病人,其中最后诊断为中(舌)下叶肺结核76例。在这76例中,早期误诊30例,误诊率高达39.5%。误诊的原因与诊断体会如下: 一、痰菌阳性是发现和诊断肺结核的主要依据。近几年来世界卫生组织多次提出:利用X线诊断肺结核虽有部位明确、对比度清晰、 In the (tongue) lower lobar tuberculosis most of the more acute onset, high fever, chest pain, hemoptysis and other pneumonia-like performance, early misdiagnosis more. 1914 cases of pulmonary diseases were treated in our hospital from January 1972 to December 1982, of which 76 cases were diagnosed as middle (tongue) lower pulmonary tuberculosis. In these 76 cases, early misdiagnosis in 30 cases, misdiagnosis rate as high as 39.5%. Misdiagnosis of the causes and diagnosis as follows: First, sputum positive is the main basis for the discovery and diagnosis of tuberculosis. In recent years, the World Health Organization has repeatedly said: the use of X-ray diagnosis of tuberculosis, although a clear location, clear contrast,