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目的了解儿童期受虐待大学生的生命质量特点及其影响因素,为改善大学生生命质量提供参考。方法整群抽样选取江苏省某3所高校2 363名大学生,进行儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)、世界卫生组织生存质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、简式大五人格问卷(NEO-FFI-R)、人口社会经济学资料调查问卷等问卷测试。结果 969名有儿童期受虐待经历大学生的生理(15.03±2.16)、心理(14.56±2.30)、社会(13.56±2.55)、环境(13.52±2.02)及生命质量总分(56.67±7.21)均低于无受虐待经历大学生[(16.21±2.05)(15.80±2.17)(15.00±2.64)(14.65±2.15)(61.67±7.61)],差异均有统计学意义(t=13.059~16.207,P值均<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果显示,在控制其他因素的影响后,外向性、谨慎性、社会支持、开放性、性别均与受虐待大学生的生命质量总分呈正相关(β=0.053~0.198,P值均<0.05),神经质、生活事件总分、身体健康状况不良、心理健康自评差、家庭经济状况差、虐待总分均与受虐待大学生的生命质量总分呈负相关(β=-0.050~-0.341,P值均<0.05)。结论儿童期受虐待大学生的受虐待程度越重,社会支持越低,近期负性生活事件越多,身心健康和家庭经济状况越差,其生命质量越低。
Objective To understand the quality of life of abused college children and its influencing factors in order to provide reference for improving the quality of life of college students. Methods Cluster sampling was used to select 2 363 college students from 3 universities in Jiangsu Province to make a questionnaire survey on Childhood Abuse History Scale (PRCA), World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) , ASLEC, NEO-FFI-R, population socioeconomic data questionnaire and other questionnaires. Results There were 969 college students who experienced physical abuse (15.03 ± 2.16), psychological (14.56 ± 2.30), social (13.56 ± 2.55), environmental (13.52 ± 2.02) and total quality of life (56.67 ± 7.21) (16.21 ± 2.05) (15.80 ± 2.17) (15.00 ± 2.64) (14.65 ± 2.15) and (61.67 ± 7.61) respectively, the differences were statistically significant (t = 13.059 ~ 16.207, P value <0.01). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that after controlling for other factors, extroversion, cautiousness, social support, openness and gender were positively correlated with the total score of quality of life of abused college students (β = 0.053 ~ 0.198, P < 0.05). The total scores of neuroticism, life events, poor health status, poor self-assessment of mental health, poor family economic status and total abuse were all negatively correlated with the total scores of quality of life of abused college students (β = -0.050-0.341 , P <0.05). Conclusion The abuse of college students in childhood is more serious, the social support is lower, the more negative negative events in life, the worse the physical and mental health and family economic status, the lower the quality of life.