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Background:Screening on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been limited to the serious TB subpopulations excluding the new TB patients.This study aimed to examine MDR-TB burden among the new TB patients.Methods:We conducted a study in Zhejiang Province during 2009-2013 to screen for MDR-TB patients among the low MDR-TB risk patients and five subpopulations of high MDR-TB risk patients.The number,prevalence,and trend of MDR-TB were compared while the logistic regression model was used to examine risk factors related to MDR-TB.Results:A total of 200 and 791 MDR-TB cases were,respectively,identified from the 9830 new TB cases and 2372 high-risk suspects who took MDR-TB screening from 2009 to 2013.The MDR-TB rates went down in both of the new TB patients and five MDR-TB high-risk groups over the study time,but the percentage of MDR-TB patients identified from the new TB patients in all diagnosed MDR-TB cases kept stable from 28.3％ in 2011 to 27.0％ in 2012 to 26.0％ in 2013.Conclusions:The study indicated that MDR-TB burden among new TB patients was high,thus screening for MDR-TB among the new TB patients should be recommended in China as well as in the similar situation worldwide.