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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
重点词汇
1. rubbish n. 垃圾;废弃物
He described her book as absolute rubbish.
他说她的书一文不值。
垃圾还可用litter,garbage,trash表示。
2. fold v. 折叠;对折
Could you please fold your clothes?
你能折你的衣服吗?
3. sweep v. 扫;打扫
Could you please sweep the floor?
你能扫地吗?
4. mess n. 杂乱;不整洁
She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看见这些乱七八糟的东西,她不会开心的。
5. neither adv. 也不
She didn’t do housework and neither did I.
她没有做家务,我也没有。
比较:neither和so的区别
neither用于否定句,前者情况适合于后者;
so用于肯定句,前者情况适合于后者。
Lucy can’t swim, neither can Lily.
露西不会游泳,莉莉也不会。
Tom speaks Chinese well, so does his sister。
汤姆汉语讲得很好,他妹妹也讲得很好。
6. pass v. 给;递;走过;通过
Could you please pass me the salt?
你能把盐递给我吗?
7. borrow v. 借;借用
lend v. 借给;借出
Could I borrow that book?
我可以借那本书吗?
Could you lend me some money?
你可以借些钱给我吗?
比较:borrow和lend的区别
borrow(相对于主语)借入;
lend(相对于主语)借出。
I will borrow a pen from Tom.
我将向汤姆借一支笔。
Tom will lend a pen to me.
汤姆将借一支笔给我。
8. hate v. 厌恶;讨厌
I hate some chores, too.
我也讨厌一些家务活。
9. while conj. 在……期间;当……的时候
We must have been burgled while we were asleep.
我们睡着时一定让贼入室盗窃了。
10. waste n. 浪费;滥用
Housework is a waste of time.
家务劳动是浪费时间。
11. provide v. 提供;供应
It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children.
为孩子们提供干净舒适的环境是父母的职责。
provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
My boss provides me with an apartment and food.
My boss provides an apartment and food for me.
我的老板给我提供食宿。
12. depend v. 依靠;信赖
Children these days depend on their parents too much.
现今的孩子们太依赖他们的父母了。
13. since conj. 从……以后;自……以来
Several new members have come into the club since last year.
自去年以来,又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。
14. drop v. 落下;掉下
He often fell ill and his grades dropped.
他经常生病,他的成绩也随之下滑了。
常用短语及搭配
1. do chores 做家务
2. do the dishes 洗餐具
3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
4. fold the/one’s clothes 折衣服
5. sweep the floor 扫地
6. make the/one’s bed 整理床铺
7. no problem 没问题
8. go out for dinner 出去吃晚饭
9. stay out late 在外面待得太晚 10. get a ride 搭便车
11. work on 从事于……
12. at least 至少
13. finish doing sth 做完某事
14. see the mess 看到混乱
15. come over 过来
16. hang out with sb 和某人闲逛
17. get wet 淋湿
18. all the time 频繁;反复
19. invite sb to... 邀请某人去某个地方
20. in order to 目的是;为了
21. get good grades 取得好成绩
22. depend on 依靠;信赖
23. the earlier..., the better... 越早……,越好……
重要句型
1. There is no need for... to... ……不需要做……
There is no need for the students to do housework.
学生们不需要去做家务劳动。
2. It’s not enough to... ……是不够的……
It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.
在学校里仅仅取得好成绩是远远不够的。
3. The earlier..., the better... 越早……,越好……
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的将来就越有用。
两个比较级由逗号连接,构成“The + 比较级,the + 比较级”的结构,表示“越……越……”的意思。
The more, the better.
越多越好。
基本语法
1. Could you please...? 礼貌地提出要求
Could you please clean your room?
请你打扫你的房间,行吗?
2. Could I...? 征得同意
Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
我可以和我的朋友们出去吃晚饭吗?
3. make和do用作“做”的区别:
make强调做的过程中要动脑筋,例如make dinner;
do则表示简单的、机械的重复做,例如do chores。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your
parents?
重点词汇
1. allow v. 允许;准许
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.
我父母不允许我和我的朋友出去闲逛。
2. deal n. 协议;交易
The two sides tried and failed to come to a deal.
双方都努力了,但还是没能达成协议。
deal v. 处理
deal with... 处理……
You should deal with your problems by youself.
你应该亲自处理你自己的问题。
3. argue v. 争吵;争论
When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.
当他们争吵时,就像有一团又大又黑的乌云笼罩在我们家上空一样。
argue with sb 与某人吵架
Don’t argue with your parents.
不要和你的父母吵架。
4. instead adv. 代替;反而;却
Mr Black was ill, so she was taking his class, instead.
布莱克先生生病了,因此她在代他的课。
instead of (用……)代替……,(是……)而不是……
We just had soup instead of a full meal.
我们没有吃全餐,只喝了汤。
5. whatever pron. 任何;每一
He watches whatever he wants until late at night.
他一直注意着他想要的任何东西直到夜里很晚。
6. offer v. 主动提出;自愿给予
If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.
如果你的父母有问题,你应该主动给予帮助。
比较:offer和provide的区别
offer表示“主动提供”,而provide则表示“供给”。 (1) offer... to... 主动提供……给……
The boy offered his seat to the old man.
这个男孩把他的座位让给了这位老人。
(2) provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为……提供……
My parents provide food and money for me.
My parents provide me with food and money.
我的父母给我提供食物和金钱。
7. explain v. 解释;说明
You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.
你应该说明你不介意他一直看电视。
8. return v. 回来;回去
My cousin always borrows my things without returning them.
我的堂兄老是借我的东西不还。
9. typical adj. 典型的
The Taylors are a typical American family.
泰勒一家是典型的美国家庭。
10. continue v. 持续;继续存在
Competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.
竞争从孩子们很小时候就开始了,直到他们长大。
continue doing sth = go on doing sth 继续做某事
Let’s continue/go on having class!
让我们继续上课吧!
11. compare v. 比较
They are always comparing their kids with other children.
他们总是把他们的小孩与其他的孩子相比较。
12. push v. 推动;移动
They pushed him into the car.
他们把他推进了车里。
pull v. 拖;拉
13. cause v. 造成;引起
All these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.
所有这些活动都会给孩子造成很大的压力。
常用短语及搭配
1. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠
2. get into a fight with sb 和某人进入战斗
3. go to sleep 去睡觉
4. work out 成功地发展;解决
5. write sb a letter 给某人写信
6. talk on the phone 打电话
7. find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
8. look through 浏览;看看
9. be angry with sb 生某人的气
10. get on well with 和睦相处;关系良好
11. refuse to do 拒绝做
12. offer to do 主动提出做
13. communicate... with... 和……交流……
14. be worried about sb 担心某人
15. talk to sb 和某人说话
16. give sb a lot of pressure 给某人很大的压力
17. compete with... 和……竞争
18. cut out 删除;删去
19. not... until... 直到……才……
20. compare... with... 比较;对比
重要句型
1. In my opinion, it’s important for sb to... 我认为,对于某人来说做……是重要的
In my opinion, it’s important for the kids to talk about their problems with their parents.
我认为对于孩子们来说和父母谈论他们的问题是很重要的。
2. ... so that... ……以便/目的是……
You should save more money so that you can buy a gift for your friend’s birthday.
你应该存下更多的钱,以便你能为你朋友的生日买一份礼物。
3. If children..., they will...
If children go fishing tomorrow, they will have a great time.
如果孩子们明天出去钓鱼,他们会玩得很高兴。
基本语法
1. 提出建议:Why don’t you...? 你为什么不做……呢? Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?
今天早晨你为什么不早点起床呢?
2. 用could,should给出建议:
Maybe you could go to his house.
或许你可以去他家。
You should write him a letter.
你应该给他写一封信。
跟踪导练(二)
Section A
( ) 1. Could you please ___ your clothes to make them tidy?
A. clean B. do
C. make D. fold
( ) 2. ___ you ___ your floor yesterday?
A. Do; sweep B. Did; sweep
C. Do; swept D. Did; swept
( ) 3. — Will you go shopping with me?
— ___ . I have to help mom do the dishes.
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, I do
C. Sorry, I can’t D. Sorry, I am not
( ) 4. I hate ___ the dishes, but I like to ___ my bed.
A. doing; make B. to do; making
C. making; do D. to make; doing
( ) 5. — Jim, come out. Let’s go to play football.
— Sorry. I’m ___ a math problem.
A. working for B. working on
C. working out D. working with
( ) 6. I found the boy ___ Tom at 16:00 yesterday.
A. have fight to B. having a fight to
C. have fight with D. having a fight with
( ) 7. My mother was angry ___ me last week.
A. to B. in
C. with D. about
( ) 8. My parent always ___ me ___ other kids. I dislike it.
A. compares; with B. compare; with
C. compares; to D. compare; to
( ) 9. I got up early this morning, ___ I caught the early bus.
A. until B. although
C. but D. so that
( ) 10. You should ___ your classmates, Lily.
A. get on with B. get along from
C. get on for D. get along to
Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground. We listen to music, and we 1 the national flag (国旗) going up.
Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was proud and 2 ! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too. Can I really do it?
Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher 3 to me, “I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and 4 something down. Get ready for it. I’m sure you’ll do it well.”
“Thank you,” I answered. It was such a great 5 for me! I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. I wanted to make my teacher 6 .
Monday morning came. I 7 to feel nervous. When did I last give a talk to so many people? Never! This was my 8 time. Could I really do it? Maybe I couldn’t 9 the talk. When I got to school, students all went out to the 10 . I stood in front of everyone. I opened my mouth, but I couldn’t say anything.
( ) 1. A. watch B. see C. notice D. look
( ) 2. A. surprised B. excited C. worried D. tired
( ) 3. A. told B. asked C. said D. showed
( ) 4. A. take B. put C. get D. write
( ) 5. A. chance B. news C. time D. message
( ) 6. A. good B. happy C. clear D. healthy
( ) 7. A. wanted B. tried C. began D. liked
( ) 8. A. last B. right C. bad D. first
( ) 9. A. finish B. make C. know D. find
( ) 10. A. school B. classroom C. street D. playground
A
Most American families are smaller than those in other countries. Usually there is one or two parents and one or two children in each American family. Children in the USA will leave their parents when they grow up. They want to find better jobs, so they usually live far away from their parents. They often write or telephone their parents. And they go to visit their parents during their holidays. Parents will ask their children to do some work around their house. In many families children will get money for doing some housework so that they can learn to make money on their own. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think that for young people it is important to decide on their lives by themselves.
( ) 1. How many people are there in most American families at most?
A. 3. B. 4.
C. 5. D. 6.
( ) 2. When they are old enough, American children will ___ .
A. go to other countries
B. find jobs for their parents
C. decide on their lives themselves
D. do better jobs around their houses
( ) 3. How can most American children know about their parents when they are far away?
A. Through friends.
B. Through e-mails.
C. By writing or calling.
D. By chatting on the Internet.
( ) 4. What do the American parents think of giving their children money for doing any housework?
A. Useful. B. Fun.
C. Dangerous. D. Strange.
( ) 5. We can learn that children in the USA ___ .
A. look for jobs for their parents
B. often ask their parents for money
C. often spend holidays with the parents
D. leave their parents when they grow up
B
Television has a huge influence (影响) on our lives. It is one of the most important ways of getting information. People spend part of their spare time watching television, and much of what they learn comes from it. What we see on TV—movies, news shows, sports shows, advertisements and so on have increased (增长) our knowledge and have changed the way we learn about the world today. However, not everything on TV is true.
Most of the viewers are children. Television sometimes is like a baby-sitter. It spends more time with children than parents do. But it keeps them in the living room away from healthy outdoor activities. They spend less time playing soccer or walking in the park or playing games in the yard.
Of course, there are some programs on TV that are good for children. But there are also some shows which are bad. Children should not watch unhealthy shows. Maybe we can’t change what is on TV, but we can choose what we watch. Do you agree?
( ) 6. How has television influenced people’s life according to Paragraph 1?
A. It’s very easy for people to use it.
B. It has many people watching it every day.
C. It has different shows for different people.
D. It’s one of the most important ways of getting information.
( ) 7. What does Paragraph 2 tell us?
A. People like to watch TV.
B. Not everything on TV is true.
C. There are many programs on TV.
D. Television has increased our knowledge.
( ) 8. Why is television sometimes like a baby-sitter?
A. It is a friend with kids.
B. It can take care of kids.
C. It keeps kids from going out.
D. It is with kids more often than the parents.
( ) 9. What is the bad influence that television has on children?
A. It takes them much money.
B. It changes their way of learning.
C. It gives them unhealthy information.
D. It stops them from having outdoor activities.
( ) 10. The writer asks children ___ .
A. to choose TV shows
B. to only watch TV shows
C. to use less time to watch TV
D. to watch TV in the free time
Section B
( ) 1. — Could you please sweep the floor?
— ___ I have to do my homework.
A. Yes, sure. B. Why not?
C. Sorry, you can’t. D. Sorry, I can’t.
( ) 2. When my parents argue, it’s like a big black cloud ___ over our home.
A. hanging B. will hang
C. hang D. hung
( ) 3. Kate studies hard ___ get good grades.
A. and to B. for
C. in order to D. so that
( ) 4. I want to ___ my friends after school.
A. hang out B. hang out with C. hang up D. hang up with
( ) 5. — Lucy never eats junk food.
— ___ .
A. So does Tom. B. So do Tom.
C. Neither does Tom. D. Neither do Tom.
( ) 6. — Could I please ___ your bike?
— Sorry, I ___ it to Mary.
A. lend; lent B. lend; borrowed
C. borrow; lent D. borrow, borrowed
( ) 7. The ___ you eat, the ___ you are.
A. much; healthy B. more; healthy
C. much; healthier D. more; healthier
( ) 8. I have ___ after-school classes and ___ house-work.
A. too much; too much B. too many; too much
C. too many; too many D. too much; too many
( ) 9. — What should I do?
— ___ write a letter to him?
A. Why do you B. Why did you
C. Why don’t you D. Why didn’t you
( ) 10. I want to ___ it ___ the phone.
A. talk about; on B. talk with; on
C. talk about; to D. talk with; to
( ) 11. Ann never has ___ her friends.
A. fight with B. a fight with
C. fight to D. a fight to
( ) 12. — Could I please ___ ?
— Sorry, you can’t. I will use it.
A. go to shop B. go to the movies
C. do chores D. use your car
( ) 13. The students should ___ their seats to the old.
A. offer B. hand
C. get D. let
( ) 14. The child didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework.
A. until B. if
C. because D. still
( ) 15. You’d better communicate ___ your brother after arguing.
A. for B. with
C. to D. on
Everyone needs friends. We all like to 1 close to someone. It is 2 to have a friend to talk, to laugh, and to do things with. Certainly, sometimes we need to be 3 . We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we 4 had a friend.
No two 5 are just the same. Friends sometimes don’t get on well. That doesn’t mean that they no longer 6 each other. Most of the time they will make it up and 7 friends again.
Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very 8 . We miss them very much, but we can 9 them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can make 10 friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people 11 we get to know them.
There’s more good news for people 12 have friends. They 13 longer than people who don’t. Why? It could be that they are 14 . Being happy helps you to stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares 15 you, you take better care of yourself.
( ) 1. A. look B. watch C. feel D. see
( ) 2. A. nice B. easy C. right D. hard
( ) 3. A. kind B. good C. careful D. alone
( ) 4. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. never
( ) 5. A. teachers B. people C. men D. women
( ) 6. A. know B. have C. like D. believe
( ) 7. A. make B. become C. visit D. get
( ) 8. A. angry B. busy C. happy D. sad
( ) 9. A. call B. ask C. tell D. help
( ) 10. A. many B. young C. new D. interesting
( ) 11. A. why B. when C. where D. how
( ) 12. A. these B. who C. they D. this
( ) 13. A. live B. work C. wait D. play
( ) 14. A. happier B. stronger C. kinder D. richer
( ) 15. A. for B. to C. with D. about
A
Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset (不安的) if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you.
Dinner parties start between 7 and 8 pm and end at about 11. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It’s polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.
Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be extra polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember—it’s not polite to ask how much things cost.
In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee. It’s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.
Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short “thank you” letter. British and American people like to say “thank you” all the time!
( ) 1. If your English friends don’t invite you to dinner at home, it may mean that ___ .
A. they are busy
B. they have no time
C. they don’t like you
D. they do so for some reason
( ) 2. What should you do when you go to a dinner party?
A. Arriving first.
B. Bringing a small gift.
C. Getting there as early as possible.
D. Helping the host with the house work.
( ) 3. What is impolite at a dinner party?
A. Saying “thank you” to the host.
B. Saying you like the host’s house. C. Eating up everything on your plate.
D. Asking about the price of a certain thing.
( ) 4. What does the meal usually end with at an English dinner party?
A. Meat. B. Coffee.
C. Soup. D. Dessert.
( ) 5. The writer asks you to ___ .
A. eat quickly
B. visit the hosts next time
C. say thanks again the next day
D. sit closer to the hosts at the dinner
B
It was Sunday yesterday. Bruce went to play football with his friends. Soon he felt hot and took off his coat. On his way home, he forgot to put it on again. This morning he felt unwell and couldn’t go to school. His mother told him to stay in bed and then went to buy some medicine for him. An hour later he wouldn’t lie there, so he stood by the window. The sun was shining and the birds were singing in the trees. Soon his mother came back and said, “It’s warmer outside. Go to sun yourself after you take the medicine. ”
Bruce went out and sat on a step and played alone. At that time a salesman (推销员) came up to him and asked, “Has your mother come back, my little friend? ” “Yes, sir,” answered the boy. The man began to ring the doorbell, but nobody answered. He rang it for a long time and became angry. “I don’t think you are an honest boy,” said the salesman. “There’s no one in the house. You’ve played a joke on me!”
“I don’t think so, sir,” said Bruce. “The house isn’t ours.”
( ) 6. What day is it today?
A. Sunday. B. Saturday.
C. Monday. D. Tuesday.
( ) 7. Why doesn’t Bruce go to school today?
A. He is ill.
B. He is busy at home.
C. He wants to play football.
D. He helps his mother with housework.
( ) 8. What is the weather like today?
A. Windy. B. Rainy.
C. Cloudy. D. Sunny.
( ) 9. Why did the salesman look for Bruce’s mother?
A. To help her.
B. To visit her.
C. To sell something to her.
D. To tell her something important.
( ) 10. From the end of the story we can learn that ___ .
A. Bruce told a lie
B. Bruce’s mother wasn’t at home
C. the salesman made friends with Bruce
D. the salesman made a mistake about the house
C
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, “I’m going to fly to New York next week because I’ve got some work there.” “Where are you going to stay there?” his wife asked. “I don’t know yet,” Dick answered. “Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报),” his wife said. “All right,” Dick answered. He flew to New York the next day and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn’t have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o’clock and said, “Now I’m going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner.”
He found a taxi and the driver said, “Where do you want to go?” But Dick didn’t remember the name and address of his hotel.
“Which hotel are my things in?” he said. “And what am I going to do tonight?” But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, “Please send me my address at this post office.”
( ) 11. Why did Dick fly to New York?
A. He lived there.
B. He had work there.
C. He wanted to visit a friend.
D. He went there for his holiday.
( ) 12. Why did Dick send the first telegram to his wife?
A. To say he was all right.
B. To give his greetings to her.
C. To ask her to go to New York later.
D. To tell her his address in New York.
( ) 13. What did Dick do that evening in New York?
A. He had a nice dinner.
B. He went to see a film.
C. He watched TV at the hotel.
D. He called some of his friends.
( ) 14. What happened when Dick got into the taxi?
A. He forgot the address of his hotel.
B. He had a quarrel with the driver.
C. He didn’t have enough money.
D. He had his things lost.
( ) 15. Who would help Dick in the end?
A. His wife.
B. A policeman.
C. The taxi driver.
D. The manager of the hotel.
D
Most children don’t enjoy doing housework. They like playing computer games rather than cleaning the rooms. But in Australia, Jim and Robert’s mother, Mrs Black, has good and proper methods to get their children to do housework. Here is an example.
“Mum, have you worked out next week’s housework? Let Jim and me choose the cards. I can’t wait. It’s fun!”
When Robert shouted out, his mother had already put all the cards on their big table. On the cards, there are some words like these, “sweep the floor, clean your bedroom, help mum cook, wash vegetables, make beds, feed the fish, cut the wood, clean the bathroom” and many others. Jim and Robert chose two cards for each day from Monday to Friday. Then they would hang them on the week day task board. Jim likes to clean the bathroom, so he picked up the card “clean the bathroom”. Robert loves to make the bed so he picked up his favorite card. Jim again picked up “wash vegetables” and Robert chose “feed the fish”. Soon the two boys were happy to take away all the cards. To help the children do housework, their mother thought hard and came up with this idea. Of course, the parents did the housework on the weekends and left Jim and Robert two days free.
( ) 16. What do most children like according to Paragraph 1?
A. Doing chores.
B. Playing small cards.
C. Playing computer games.
D. Doing homework at home.
( ) 17. How many cards did Jim and Robert choose together every weekday?
A. Two. B. Four.
C. Six. D. Eight.
( ) 18. What does Robert like to do?
A. To make the bed.
B. To sweep the floor.
C. To wash vegetables.
D. To clean the bathroom.
( ) 19. The underlined phrase “came up with” in the last paragraph probably means “___”.
A. looked at B. gave up
C. thought of D. believed in
( ) 20. Who did the housework on the weekends?
A. Jim. B. Robert.
C. The parents. D. All of the family.
My name is Jane Brown. I live at 77 Victoria Drive, Manchester. I haven’t got a telephone, but you can phone my next-door neighbor, Mrs Johnson. Her number is 246-8021.
I left school five years ago. I was good at math at school. That was my best subject. I wasn’t very good at English. Art was my worst subject.
I like swimming and dancing. I play tennis every weekend if I can. I’m very fond of music. My favorite composer is Beethoven. I like pop, too. Foreign languages? Well, I learned French at school. I was quite good at it. I can understand quite well and speak a little.
After I left school, I worked on a farm for a year. Then, I worked in a factory for six months. I didn’t like it. I’m working as a waitress at the moment. I want to get a job in a big company.
1. Where does Jane Brown live?
2. When did Jane Brown leave school?
3. What was Jane Brown’s best subject?
4. How often does Jane Brown play tennis?
5. Where is Jane Brown working now?
很多学生认为没有必要做家务,而你认为做适当的家务很有好处。请你根据要求,用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,表达你的观点。
参考词汇:do the dishes; make the bed; take out the rubbish; sweep the floor; healthy; happy
重点词汇
1. rubbish n. 垃圾;废弃物
He described her book as absolute rubbish.
他说她的书一文不值。
垃圾还可用litter,garbage,trash表示。
2. fold v. 折叠;对折
Could you please fold your clothes?
你能折你的衣服吗?
3. sweep v. 扫;打扫
Could you please sweep the floor?
你能扫地吗?
4. mess n. 杂乱;不整洁
She won’t be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看见这些乱七八糟的东西,她不会开心的。
5. neither adv. 也不
She didn’t do housework and neither did I.
她没有做家务,我也没有。
比较:neither和so的区别
neither用于否定句,前者情况适合于后者;
so用于肯定句,前者情况适合于后者。
Lucy can’t swim, neither can Lily.
露西不会游泳,莉莉也不会。
Tom speaks Chinese well, so does his sister。
汤姆汉语讲得很好,他妹妹也讲得很好。
6. pass v. 给;递;走过;通过
Could you please pass me the salt?
你能把盐递给我吗?
7. borrow v. 借;借用
lend v. 借给;借出
Could I borrow that book?
我可以借那本书吗?
Could you lend me some money?
你可以借些钱给我吗?
比较:borrow和lend的区别
borrow(相对于主语)借入;
lend(相对于主语)借出。
I will borrow a pen from Tom.
我将向汤姆借一支笔。
Tom will lend a pen to me.
汤姆将借一支笔给我。
8. hate v. 厌恶;讨厌
I hate some chores, too.
我也讨厌一些家务活。
9. while conj. 在……期间;当……的时候
We must have been burgled while we were asleep.
我们睡着时一定让贼入室盗窃了。
10. waste n. 浪费;滥用
Housework is a waste of time.
家务劳动是浪费时间。
11. provide v. 提供;供应
It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment for their children.
为孩子们提供干净舒适的环境是父母的职责。
provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物
My boss provides me with an apartment and food.
My boss provides an apartment and food for me.
我的老板给我提供食宿。
12. depend v. 依靠;信赖
Children these days depend on their parents too much.
现今的孩子们太依赖他们的父母了。
13. since conj. 从……以后;自……以来
Several new members have come into the club since last year.
自去年以来,又有些新成员加入了俱乐部。
14. drop v. 落下;掉下
He often fell ill and his grades dropped.
他经常生病,他的成绩也随之下滑了。
常用短语及搭配
1. do chores 做家务
2. do the dishes 洗餐具
3. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
4. fold the/one’s clothes 折衣服
5. sweep the floor 扫地
6. make the/one’s bed 整理床铺
7. no problem 没问题
8. go out for dinner 出去吃晚饭
9. stay out late 在外面待得太晚 10. get a ride 搭便车
11. work on 从事于……
12. at least 至少
13. finish doing sth 做完某事
14. see the mess 看到混乱
15. come over 过来
16. hang out with sb 和某人闲逛
17. get wet 淋湿
18. all the time 频繁;反复
19. invite sb to... 邀请某人去某个地方
20. in order to 目的是;为了
21. get good grades 取得好成绩
22. depend on 依靠;信赖
23. the earlier..., the better... 越早……,越好……
重要句型
1. There is no need for... to... ……不需要做……
There is no need for the students to do housework.
学生们不需要去做家务劳动。
2. It’s not enough to... ……是不够的……
It’s not enough to just get good grades at school.
在学校里仅仅取得好成绩是远远不够的。
3. The earlier..., the better... 越早……,越好……
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的将来就越有用。
两个比较级由逗号连接,构成“The + 比较级,the + 比较级”的结构,表示“越……越……”的意思。
The more, the better.
越多越好。
基本语法
1. Could you please...? 礼貌地提出要求
Could you please clean your room?
请你打扫你的房间,行吗?
2. Could I...? 征得同意
Could I go out for dinner with my friends?
我可以和我的朋友们出去吃晚饭吗?
3. make和do用作“做”的区别:
make强调做的过程中要动脑筋,例如make dinner;
do则表示简单的、机械的重复做,例如do chores。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your
parents?
重点词汇
1. allow v. 允许;准许
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.
我父母不允许我和我的朋友出去闲逛。
2. deal n. 协议;交易
The two sides tried and failed to come to a deal.
双方都努力了,但还是没能达成协议。
deal v. 处理
deal with... 处理……
You should deal with your problems by youself.
你应该亲自处理你自己的问题。
3. argue v. 争吵;争论
When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.
当他们争吵时,就像有一团又大又黑的乌云笼罩在我们家上空一样。
argue with sb 与某人吵架
Don’t argue with your parents.
不要和你的父母吵架。
4. instead adv. 代替;反而;却
Mr Black was ill, so she was taking his class, instead.
布莱克先生生病了,因此她在代他的课。
instead of (用……)代替……,(是……)而不是……
We just had soup instead of a full meal.
我们没有吃全餐,只喝了汤。
5. whatever pron. 任何;每一
He watches whatever he wants until late at night.
他一直注意着他想要的任何东西直到夜里很晚。
6. offer v. 主动提出;自愿给予
If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.
如果你的父母有问题,你应该主动给予帮助。
比较:offer和provide的区别
offer表示“主动提供”,而provide则表示“供给”。 (1) offer... to... 主动提供……给……
The boy offered his seat to the old man.
这个男孩把他的座位让给了这位老人。
(2) provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth 为……提供……
My parents provide food and money for me.
My parents provide me with food and money.
我的父母给我提供食物和金钱。
7. explain v. 解释;说明
You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.
你应该说明你不介意他一直看电视。
8. return v. 回来;回去
My cousin always borrows my things without returning them.
我的堂兄老是借我的东西不还。
9. typical adj. 典型的
The Taylors are a typical American family.
泰勒一家是典型的美国家庭。
10. continue v. 持续;继续存在
Competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.
竞争从孩子们很小时候就开始了,直到他们长大。
continue doing sth = go on doing sth 继续做某事
Let’s continue/go on having class!
让我们继续上课吧!
11. compare v. 比较
They are always comparing their kids with other children.
他们总是把他们的小孩与其他的孩子相比较。
12. push v. 推动;移动
They pushed him into the car.
他们把他推进了车里。
pull v. 拖;拉
13. cause v. 造成;引起
All these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.
所有这些活动都会给孩子造成很大的压力。
常用短语及搭配
1. get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠
2. get into a fight with sb 和某人进入战斗
3. go to sleep 去睡觉
4. work out 成功地发展;解决
5. write sb a letter 给某人写信
6. talk on the phone 打电话
7. find sb doing sth 发现某人正在做某事
8. look through 浏览;看看
9. be angry with sb 生某人的气
10. get on well with 和睦相处;关系良好
11. refuse to do 拒绝做
12. offer to do 主动提出做
13. communicate... with... 和……交流……
14. be worried about sb 担心某人
15. talk to sb 和某人说话
16. give sb a lot of pressure 给某人很大的压力
17. compete with... 和……竞争
18. cut out 删除;删去
19. not... until... 直到……才……
20. compare... with... 比较;对比
重要句型
1. In my opinion, it’s important for sb to... 我认为,对于某人来说做……是重要的
In my opinion, it’s important for the kids to talk about their problems with their parents.
我认为对于孩子们来说和父母谈论他们的问题是很重要的。
2. ... so that... ……以便/目的是……
You should save more money so that you can buy a gift for your friend’s birthday.
你应该存下更多的钱,以便你能为你朋友的生日买一份礼物。
3. If children..., they will...
If children go fishing tomorrow, they will have a great time.
如果孩子们明天出去钓鱼,他们会玩得很高兴。
基本语法
1. 提出建议:Why don’t you...? 你为什么不做……呢? Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?
今天早晨你为什么不早点起床呢?
2. 用could,should给出建议:
Maybe you could go to his house.
或许你可以去他家。
You should write him a letter.
你应该给他写一封信。
跟踪导练(二)
Section A
( ) 1. Could you please ___ your clothes to make them tidy?
A. clean B. do
C. make D. fold
( ) 2. ___ you ___ your floor yesterday?
A. Do; sweep B. Did; sweep
C. Do; swept D. Did; swept
( ) 3. — Will you go shopping with me?
— ___ . I have to help mom do the dishes.
A. Yes, I can B. Yes, I do
C. Sorry, I can’t D. Sorry, I am not
( ) 4. I hate ___ the dishes, but I like to ___ my bed.
A. doing; make B. to do; making
C. making; do D. to make; doing
( ) 5. — Jim, come out. Let’s go to play football.
— Sorry. I’m ___ a math problem.
A. working for B. working on
C. working out D. working with
( ) 6. I found the boy ___ Tom at 16:00 yesterday.
A. have fight to B. having a fight to
C. have fight with D. having a fight with
( ) 7. My mother was angry ___ me last week.
A. to B. in
C. with D. about
( ) 8. My parent always ___ me ___ other kids. I dislike it.
A. compares; with B. compare; with
C. compares; to D. compare; to
( ) 9. I got up early this morning, ___ I caught the early bus.
A. until B. although
C. but D. so that
( ) 10. You should ___ your classmates, Lily.
A. get on with B. get along from
C. get on for D. get along to
Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground. We listen to music, and we 1 the national flag (国旗) going up.
Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was proud and 2 ! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too. Can I really do it?
Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher 3 to me, “I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and 4 something down. Get ready for it. I’m sure you’ll do it well.”
“Thank you,” I answered. It was such a great 5 for me! I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. I wanted to make my teacher 6 .
Monday morning came. I 7 to feel nervous. When did I last give a talk to so many people? Never! This was my 8 time. Could I really do it? Maybe I couldn’t 9 the talk. When I got to school, students all went out to the 10 . I stood in front of everyone. I opened my mouth, but I couldn’t say anything.
( ) 1. A. watch B. see C. notice D. look
( ) 2. A. surprised B. excited C. worried D. tired
( ) 3. A. told B. asked C. said D. showed
( ) 4. A. take B. put C. get D. write
( ) 5. A. chance B. news C. time D. message
( ) 6. A. good B. happy C. clear D. healthy
( ) 7. A. wanted B. tried C. began D. liked
( ) 8. A. last B. right C. bad D. first
( ) 9. A. finish B. make C. know D. find
( ) 10. A. school B. classroom C. street D. playground
A
Most American families are smaller than those in other countries. Usually there is one or two parents and one or two children in each American family. Children in the USA will leave their parents when they grow up. They want to find better jobs, so they usually live far away from their parents. They often write or telephone their parents. And they go to visit their parents during their holidays. Parents will ask their children to do some work around their house. In many families children will get money for doing some housework so that they can learn to make money on their own. Parents usually let their children choose their own jobs. Americans think that for young people it is important to decide on their lives by themselves.
( ) 1. How many people are there in most American families at most?
A. 3. B. 4.
C. 5. D. 6.
( ) 2. When they are old enough, American children will ___ .
A. go to other countries
B. find jobs for their parents
C. decide on their lives themselves
D. do better jobs around their houses
( ) 3. How can most American children know about their parents when they are far away?
A. Through friends.
B. Through e-mails.
C. By writing or calling.
D. By chatting on the Internet.
( ) 4. What do the American parents think of giving their children money for doing any housework?
A. Useful. B. Fun.
C. Dangerous. D. Strange.
( ) 5. We can learn that children in the USA ___ .
A. look for jobs for their parents
B. often ask their parents for money
C. often spend holidays with the parents
D. leave their parents when they grow up
B
Television has a huge influence (影响) on our lives. It is one of the most important ways of getting information. People spend part of their spare time watching television, and much of what they learn comes from it. What we see on TV—movies, news shows, sports shows, advertisements and so on have increased (增长) our knowledge and have changed the way we learn about the world today. However, not everything on TV is true.
Most of the viewers are children. Television sometimes is like a baby-sitter. It spends more time with children than parents do. But it keeps them in the living room away from healthy outdoor activities. They spend less time playing soccer or walking in the park or playing games in the yard.
Of course, there are some programs on TV that are good for children. But there are also some shows which are bad. Children should not watch unhealthy shows. Maybe we can’t change what is on TV, but we can choose what we watch. Do you agree?
( ) 6. How has television influenced people’s life according to Paragraph 1?
A. It’s very easy for people to use it.
B. It has many people watching it every day.
C. It has different shows for different people.
D. It’s one of the most important ways of getting information.
( ) 7. What does Paragraph 2 tell us?
A. People like to watch TV.
B. Not everything on TV is true.
C. There are many programs on TV.
D. Television has increased our knowledge.
( ) 8. Why is television sometimes like a baby-sitter?
A. It is a friend with kids.
B. It can take care of kids.
C. It keeps kids from going out.
D. It is with kids more often than the parents.
( ) 9. What is the bad influence that television has on children?
A. It takes them much money.
B. It changes their way of learning.
C. It gives them unhealthy information.
D. It stops them from having outdoor activities.
( ) 10. The writer asks children ___ .
A. to choose TV shows
B. to only watch TV shows
C. to use less time to watch TV
D. to watch TV in the free time
Section B
( ) 1. — Could you please sweep the floor?
— ___ I have to do my homework.
A. Yes, sure. B. Why not?
C. Sorry, you can’t. D. Sorry, I can’t.
( ) 2. When my parents argue, it’s like a big black cloud ___ over our home.
A. hanging B. will hang
C. hang D. hung
( ) 3. Kate studies hard ___ get good grades.
A. and to B. for
C. in order to D. so that
( ) 4. I want to ___ my friends after school.
A. hang out B. hang out with C. hang up D. hang up with
( ) 5. — Lucy never eats junk food.
— ___ .
A. So does Tom. B. So do Tom.
C. Neither does Tom. D. Neither do Tom.
( ) 6. — Could I please ___ your bike?
— Sorry, I ___ it to Mary.
A. lend; lent B. lend; borrowed
C. borrow; lent D. borrow, borrowed
( ) 7. The ___ you eat, the ___ you are.
A. much; healthy B. more; healthy
C. much; healthier D. more; healthier
( ) 8. I have ___ after-school classes and ___ house-work.
A. too much; too much B. too many; too much
C. too many; too many D. too much; too many
( ) 9. — What should I do?
— ___ write a letter to him?
A. Why do you B. Why did you
C. Why don’t you D. Why didn’t you
( ) 10. I want to ___ it ___ the phone.
A. talk about; on B. talk with; on
C. talk about; to D. talk with; to
( ) 11. Ann never has ___ her friends.
A. fight with B. a fight with
C. fight to D. a fight to
( ) 12. — Could I please ___ ?
— Sorry, you can’t. I will use it.
A. go to shop B. go to the movies
C. do chores D. use your car
( ) 13. The students should ___ their seats to the old.
A. offer B. hand
C. get D. let
( ) 14. The child didn’t go to bed ___ he finished his homework.
A. until B. if
C. because D. still
( ) 15. You’d better communicate ___ your brother after arguing.
A. for B. with
C. to D. on
Everyone needs friends. We all like to 1 close to someone. It is 2 to have a friend to talk, to laugh, and to do things with. Certainly, sometimes we need to be 3 . We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we 4 had a friend.
No two 5 are just the same. Friends sometimes don’t get on well. That doesn’t mean that they no longer 6 each other. Most of the time they will make it up and 7 friends again.
Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very 8 . We miss them very much, but we can 9 them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can make 10 friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people 11 we get to know them.
There’s more good news for people 12 have friends. They 13 longer than people who don’t. Why? It could be that they are 14 . Being happy helps you to stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares 15 you, you take better care of yourself.
( ) 1. A. look B. watch C. feel D. see
( ) 2. A. nice B. easy C. right D. hard
( ) 3. A. kind B. good C. careful D. alone
( ) 4. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. never
( ) 5. A. teachers B. people C. men D. women
( ) 6. A. know B. have C. like D. believe
( ) 7. A. make B. become C. visit D. get
( ) 8. A. angry B. busy C. happy D. sad
( ) 9. A. call B. ask C. tell D. help
( ) 10. A. many B. young C. new D. interesting
( ) 11. A. why B. when C. where D. how
( ) 12. A. these B. who C. they D. this
( ) 13. A. live B. work C. wait D. play
( ) 14. A. happier B. stronger C. kinder D. richer
( ) 15. A. for B. to C. with D. about
A
Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset (不安的) if your English friends don’t invite you home. It doesn’t mean they don’t like you.
Dinner parties start between 7 and 8 pm and end at about 11. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It’s polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.
Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be extra polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember—it’s not polite to ask how much things cost.
In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You’ll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you’ll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee. It’s polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.
Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short “thank you” letter. British and American people like to say “thank you” all the time!
( ) 1. If your English friends don’t invite you to dinner at home, it may mean that ___ .
A. they are busy
B. they have no time
C. they don’t like you
D. they do so for some reason
( ) 2. What should you do when you go to a dinner party?
A. Arriving first.
B. Bringing a small gift.
C. Getting there as early as possible.
D. Helping the host with the house work.
( ) 3. What is impolite at a dinner party?
A. Saying “thank you” to the host.
B. Saying you like the host’s house. C. Eating up everything on your plate.
D. Asking about the price of a certain thing.
( ) 4. What does the meal usually end with at an English dinner party?
A. Meat. B. Coffee.
C. Soup. D. Dessert.
( ) 5. The writer asks you to ___ .
A. eat quickly
B. visit the hosts next time
C. say thanks again the next day
D. sit closer to the hosts at the dinner
B
It was Sunday yesterday. Bruce went to play football with his friends. Soon he felt hot and took off his coat. On his way home, he forgot to put it on again. This morning he felt unwell and couldn’t go to school. His mother told him to stay in bed and then went to buy some medicine for him. An hour later he wouldn’t lie there, so he stood by the window. The sun was shining and the birds were singing in the trees. Soon his mother came back and said, “It’s warmer outside. Go to sun yourself after you take the medicine. ”
Bruce went out and sat on a step and played alone. At that time a salesman (推销员) came up to him and asked, “Has your mother come back, my little friend? ” “Yes, sir,” answered the boy. The man began to ring the doorbell, but nobody answered. He rang it for a long time and became angry. “I don’t think you are an honest boy,” said the salesman. “There’s no one in the house. You’ve played a joke on me!”
“I don’t think so, sir,” said Bruce. “The house isn’t ours.”
( ) 6. What day is it today?
A. Sunday. B. Saturday.
C. Monday. D. Tuesday.
( ) 7. Why doesn’t Bruce go to school today?
A. He is ill.
B. He is busy at home.
C. He wants to play football.
D. He helps his mother with housework.
( ) 8. What is the weather like today?
A. Windy. B. Rainy.
C. Cloudy. D. Sunny.
( ) 9. Why did the salesman look for Bruce’s mother?
A. To help her.
B. To visit her.
C. To sell something to her.
D. To tell her something important.
( ) 10. From the end of the story we can learn that ___ .
A. Bruce told a lie
B. Bruce’s mother wasn’t at home
C. the salesman made friends with Bruce
D. the salesman made a mistake about the house
C
Dick lived in England. One day in January he said to his wife, “I’m going to fly to New York next week because I’ve got some work there.” “Where are you going to stay there?” his wife asked. “I don’t know yet,” Dick answered. “Please send me your address from there in a telegram (电报),” his wife said. “All right,” Dick answered. He flew to New York the next day and found a nice hotel in the center of the city. He put his things in his room and then he sent his wife a telegram. He put the address of his hotel in it.
In the evening he didn’t have any work, so he went to a cinema. He came out at nine o’clock and said, “Now I’m going back to my hotel and have a nice dinner.”
He found a taxi and the driver said, “Where do you want to go?” But Dick didn’t remember the name and address of his hotel.
“Which hotel are my things in?” he said. “And what am I going to do tonight?” But the driver of the taxi did not know. So Dick got out and went into a post office. There he sent his wife another telegram, and in it he wrote, “Please send me my address at this post office.”
( ) 11. Why did Dick fly to New York?
A. He lived there.
B. He had work there.
C. He wanted to visit a friend.
D. He went there for his holiday.
( ) 12. Why did Dick send the first telegram to his wife?
A. To say he was all right.
B. To give his greetings to her.
C. To ask her to go to New York later.
D. To tell her his address in New York.
( ) 13. What did Dick do that evening in New York?
A. He had a nice dinner.
B. He went to see a film.
C. He watched TV at the hotel.
D. He called some of his friends.
( ) 14. What happened when Dick got into the taxi?
A. He forgot the address of his hotel.
B. He had a quarrel with the driver.
C. He didn’t have enough money.
D. He had his things lost.
( ) 15. Who would help Dick in the end?
A. His wife.
B. A policeman.
C. The taxi driver.
D. The manager of the hotel.
D
Most children don’t enjoy doing housework. They like playing computer games rather than cleaning the rooms. But in Australia, Jim and Robert’s mother, Mrs Black, has good and proper methods to get their children to do housework. Here is an example.
“Mum, have you worked out next week’s housework? Let Jim and me choose the cards. I can’t wait. It’s fun!”
When Robert shouted out, his mother had already put all the cards on their big table. On the cards, there are some words like these, “sweep the floor, clean your bedroom, help mum cook, wash vegetables, make beds, feed the fish, cut the wood, clean the bathroom” and many others. Jim and Robert chose two cards for each day from Monday to Friday. Then they would hang them on the week day task board. Jim likes to clean the bathroom, so he picked up the card “clean the bathroom”. Robert loves to make the bed so he picked up his favorite card. Jim again picked up “wash vegetables” and Robert chose “feed the fish”. Soon the two boys were happy to take away all the cards. To help the children do housework, their mother thought hard and came up with this idea. Of course, the parents did the housework on the weekends and left Jim and Robert two days free.
( ) 16. What do most children like according to Paragraph 1?
A. Doing chores.
B. Playing small cards.
C. Playing computer games.
D. Doing homework at home.
( ) 17. How many cards did Jim and Robert choose together every weekday?
A. Two. B. Four.
C. Six. D. Eight.
( ) 18. What does Robert like to do?
A. To make the bed.
B. To sweep the floor.
C. To wash vegetables.
D. To clean the bathroom.
( ) 19. The underlined phrase “came up with” in the last paragraph probably means “___”.
A. looked at B. gave up
C. thought of D. believed in
( ) 20. Who did the housework on the weekends?
A. Jim. B. Robert.
C. The parents. D. All of the family.
My name is Jane Brown. I live at 77 Victoria Drive, Manchester. I haven’t got a telephone, but you can phone my next-door neighbor, Mrs Johnson. Her number is 246-8021.
I left school five years ago. I was good at math at school. That was my best subject. I wasn’t very good at English. Art was my worst subject.
I like swimming and dancing. I play tennis every weekend if I can. I’m very fond of music. My favorite composer is Beethoven. I like pop, too. Foreign languages? Well, I learned French at school. I was quite good at it. I can understand quite well and speak a little.
After I left school, I worked on a farm for a year. Then, I worked in a factory for six months. I didn’t like it. I’m working as a waitress at the moment. I want to get a job in a big company.
1. Where does Jane Brown live?
2. When did Jane Brown leave school?
3. What was Jane Brown’s best subject?
4. How often does Jane Brown play tennis?
5. Where is Jane Brown working now?
很多学生认为没有必要做家务,而你认为做适当的家务很有好处。请你根据要求,用英语写一篇80词左右的短文,表达你的观点。
参考词汇:do the dishes; make the bed; take out the rubbish; sweep the floor; healthy; happy