传统坦培拉绘画体系演变到今天,可以概括为两大系统:水性材料与油性材料。以水性材料为主的坦培拉系统,以不同胶类为中介的坦培拉乳液为绘画媒剂,经历公元前后千余年。随着画家对绘画材料的不断认识,探索、改进,大约在十四五世纪渐渐演变为与油结合的混和技巧的坦培拉系统(技术过程为“间接法”,即俗称的古典多层透明画法)。17世纪弗兰德斯大师鲁本斯出使马德里,向西班牙青年画家委拉斯贵支秘传“一次过”技法,油性坦培拉又逐渐演变成纯粹的油画。此种 The evolution of the traditional painting system of Tempella can be summarized into two major systems: water-based materials and oily materials. Tempera material mainly based on the system, to different types of glue as the intermediary of Tambela emulsion painting medium, experienced more than a thousand years after the BC. As the painter’s constant awareness of the painting materials explored and improved, the Tempelé system, which evolved into a mixing technique with oil about the 14th and 15th centuries (the technical process is the “indirect method”, the so-called classical multilayered transparency Art style). In the 17th century, Flanders, Rubens, came to Madrid to make a “one-off” trick with the Spanish young painter Velázquez. Oily Tempel was gradually evolved into a pure oil painting. This kind