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观察甲壳胺膜管桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损，对神经再生的作用。方法ＳＤ大鼠１０２只，随机分为Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ３组，按缺损长度与神经干直径之比制作实验动物模型（Ａ组：缺损３倍，Ｂ组：缺损５倍，Ｃ组：缺损８倍）。设自身对照，双后肢随机作为实验侧和对照侧。实验侧用甲壳胺膜管桥接缺损，对照侧用肌表面旷置法。术后４，８，１２周作大体观察、组织学观察和远端轴突再生率的比较。结果４周后各组双后肢均形成溃疡；８周后Ａ组溃疡愈合；１２周后Ｂ组实验侧溃疡愈合，Ａ、Ｂ组均无明显肌萎缩，能展趾活动，有肌肉收缩现象。Ｃ组及Ｂ组对照侧溃疡及肌萎缩加重。桥接体周围无瘢痕粘连，与周围组织分界清楚。各时相每组内实验侧远端轴突再生率优于对照侧（Ｐ＜０００１）。１２周后，３组间实验侧远端轴突再生率两两比较：Ａ组优于Ｂ、Ｃ组，Ｂ组优于Ｃ组（Ｐ＜０００１）。Ａ、Ｂ组髓鞘成熟良好，Ｃ组仍有髓鞘溃变现象；３组实验侧均无胶原纤维增生。结论甲壳胺膜管桥接周围神经缺损，可防止瘢痕侵入，有利于轴突再生。
To observe the effect of chitosan membrane bridge on the sciatic nerve defect in rats. Methods One hundred and twenty SD rats were randomly divided into A, B and C3 groups, and the experimental animal model was made according to the ratio of defect length to nerve stem diameter (group A: 3 times of defect, group B: 5 times of defect, group C: Defect 8 times). Set their own control, double hind limbs randomly as experimental side and control side. The experimental side with chitosan membrane bridging defects, the control side of the use of muscle surface exclusion method. After 4,8,12 weeks for general observation, histological observation and distal axonal regeneration rate comparison. Results After 4 weeks, ulcers were formed in both hindlimbs in each group. After 8 weeks, the ulcer healed in group A; and ulcers healed in group B after 12 weeks. No muscle atrophy was found in group A and B, and muscle contraction was observed in group A and B. C and B control group ulcer and muscle atrophy aggravate. There is no scar adhesions around the bridge, and the surrounding tissue clearly. The rate of distal axon regeneration in each experimental group was superior to that of the control group (P <0001). Twelve weeks later, the axonal regeneration rate in the distal side of the experimental group was compared with each other in two groups: group A was better than group B and C, and group B was better than group C (P <0001). A, B group, myelin mature well, C group still has myelin sheath degeneration; 3 groups of experimental side no collagen fibrosis. Conclusion Chitosan tube bridge peripheral nerve defects, to prevent scar invasion, is conducive to axonal regeneration.