由马兜铃酸引发的肾病,称为马兜铃酸肾病。早在1964年就有吴松寒首报服用木通所致急性肾功能衰竭病例,揭开了马兜铃属植物药材致肾毒害的面纱。此后马红梅等检索了关木通引起肾毒害者34例,其中在国内的21例中,10例死亡,9例需肾透析,仅2例病情较稳定;在国外的13例中,5例需肾透析,2例肾移植,3例肾功能障碍,仅3例停药后病情逐步改善。在用马兜铃酸静脉注射试治癌症实验中,日剂量1mg/kg,连续3天或3天以上的10例中,有几例死于肾急性中毒性肾变性,故认为马兜铃酸在人体内有积蓄性,可见马兜铃酸对人体的危害十分严重。马兜铃酸在化学上分为A、B、C、D、E等数种,存在于马兜铃属植物的根、茎和果实中。凡含有此类成分的植物,均含有马兜铃酸A,然后才有其它成分与之共存。由此,可认为这类成分在植物体内均由马兜铃酸A衍变产生。国产马兜铃属植物有39种,在相关的中药材书籍中记载供药用者已达26种之多。《中国药典》2000年版一部收载4种马兜铃属植物计5种药材,它们是:广防已（广防已的根）、马兜铃（北马兜铃或马兜铃的果实）、天仙藤（北马兜铃或马兜铃的茎）、关木通（东北马兜铃的茎）、青木香（马兜铃的根）,此5种药材均含有马兜铃酸类成分。由马兜铃属植物药材组成的成方制剂,《中国药典》2000年版收载含马 Kidney disease caused by aristolochic acid is called aristolochic acid nephropathy. As early as 1964, Wu Songhan first reported the case of acute renal failure caused by Mouton, and opened the veil of kidney damage caused by Aristolochia. Since then Ma Hongmei et al searched 34 cases of kidney poisoning caused by Guan Mu Tong. Among them, 10 cases died in 21 cases in China. 9 cases required renal dialysis, and only 2 cases were stable; in 13 cases abroad, 5 cases required renal dialysis. 2 cases of kidney transplantation, 3 cases of renal dysfunction, only 3 cases of withdrawal after the gradual improvement of the condition. In the trial of atrial cancer with intravenous injection of aristolochic acid, a daily dose of 1 mg/kg, 10 cases of consecutive 3 days or more, several cases died of acute renal toxic nephrotoxicity, it is considered that aristolochic acid Accumulation in the human body shows that aristolochic acid is harmful to the human body. Aristolochic acid is chemically divided into several species such as A, B, C, D, and E, and is found in the roots, stems, and fruits of the Aristolochia genus. All plants containing this kind of ingredient contain Aristolochic acid A, and only then can other ingredients coexist with it. From this, it can be considered that this type of component is produced by the evolution of aristolochic acid A in plants. There are 39 species of Aristolochia in China, and there are 26 species of medicinal herbs recorded in relevant Chinese herbal medicine books. The 2000 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia contained 5 species of medicinal materials of 4 species belonging to the genus Aristolochia, which are: the fruit of G. quinquefasciae (the root of G. quinquefasciatus), the fruit of Aristolochi vinellii (B. aristolochiae or Aristolochi sinensis). ), Tian Xian Teng (Northern Aristolochia or Aristolochia sinensis), Guan Mu Tong (Northeast Aristolochia stalk), Aristolochia fragrans (Aristolochia lanceolata root), all of which contain aristolochic acids. Formulated by the ingredients of the Aristolochia plant, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2000 edition contains horses