年号作为中国古代封建帝王纪元所立之名号,既是特定意义的记述年代的标识,也是自汉至清延续了两千多年的纪年方法,因而在我们日常阅读史籍和古代文学作品、讲授中国古代历史、甚至观看历史题材的影视剧时,随时能遇上或听到一些诸如天汉、建安、贞观、天宝、洪武、乾隆等年号。在中国两千多年的封建时代里,不管什么人物、通过什么途径,只要一旦建立政权,有了国号,同时也就必然有了年号,统一的“正统”王朝如此,一方“僭窃”的地方割据政权亦同样,农民起义政权、少数民族政权也不例外。国号年号不只是简单的代号,其意义在于国号是政权的名称,年号是时代的标志。因此,中国历史上也就出现了数以百计的年号。由于年号在中国历史上延续时间长,而且更换频繁,使简单的年号问题也就变得复杂了许多,故近代史学家梁启超在《中国史叙论·纪年》中说:“今试于数千年君主之年号,任举其一以质诸学者,虽最淹博者亦不能具对也。”固然,年号没有多少理论上的意义,但却对了解中国古代历史与文化有着一定的使用上的价值,而且还是我们了解相关事件、人物、制度必须注意的时间标尺。从一定意义上说,不同的年号标明的时代不同,昭示的是事件、人物、制度的先后顺序,体现的是一定的时间框架,因而无疑与我们品评古代人物、分析历史事件、衡量相关制度等也都有了一定的联系。我们知道,中国古代的帝王在西汉文帝和武帝以 As the name of ancient Chinese feudal emperors era, notation is not only the identification of a specific meaning of the annals, but also from the Han to Qing extended two thousand years of the year-old method, so in our daily reading of ancient books and literature, teaching Ancient Chinese history, or even watch the history of the film and television drama, at any time to meet or hear such as the days of Han, Jian, Zhenguan, Tianbao, Hongwu, Qianlong and other titles. In China’s two thousand years of feudalism, no matter what kind of person, by any means, as long as once the establishment of the regime, with the national title, but also inevitably have a year, a unified “orthodox” dynasty such a party The same applies to the separatist regimes where the “theft is.” The peasant uprising regime and the ethnic minority regime are no exception. National symbol is not just a simple code name, its significance is that the national name is the name of the regime, the number is the symbol of the times. Therefore, there are hundreds of titles in Chinese history. Because of the long history of the new year in Chinese history and the frequent replacement, the simple issue of the year number has become more complicated. Therefore, Liang Qichao, a modern historian, said in his book “The Annals of Chinese History: In the thousands of years of the monarch, any one of its quality scholars, although the most submerged bloggers can not have a right too. ”Of course, not many theoretical significance, but understanding of ancient Chinese history and Culture has a certain use of the value, but also our understanding of the relevant events, people, institutions must pay attention to the time scale. In a certain sense, the different times indicate the different times, showing the sequence of events, figures and systems and reflecting a certain time frame. Therefore, it is doubtless that we should judge ancient figures, analyze historical events and measure relevant systems Also have some contact. We know that ancient Chinese emperors in the Western Han emperor and Emperor Wu