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使用6对微卫星引物对两种杂交子一代(青龙斑和虎龙斑)及其亲本(斜带石斑鱼、棕点石斑鱼和鞍带石斑鱼)共5个群体进行微卫星分析,计算等位基因频率、有效等位基因数、基因杂合度、多态信息含量、相似指数和Nei氏遗传距离。结果显示,在5种石斑鱼中,棕点石斑鱼的平均有效等位基因数最大(6.849 3),最小的是鞍带石斑鱼(2.608 6)。6对微卫星引物在这5个群体中具有丰富的多态性,平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.666 7、0.751 3、0.441 9、0.664 0、0.542 6。在平均观测杂合度(Ho)中,虎龙斑和青龙斑的最高均为0.940 0,鞍带石斑鱼的最低为0.508 3。遗传距离和遗传相似率结果显示,青龙斑和虎龙斑均与父本鞍带石斑鱼的亲缘关系较近。杂交子一代群体的等位基因基本来自父母本群体双方,可推断杂交子一代的遗传物质来自父母双方,属两性融合生殖,是真正意义上的杂交种。杂交后代的遗传变异水平明显增强,这是杂种优势得以形成的重要遗传物质基础。
Six pairs of microsatellite primers were used to perform microsatellite analysis on five populations of two hybrid generation (green dragonfly and tiger dragonfly) and their parents (slash grouper, brown grouper and saddle grouper) The allele frequency, number of effective alleles, gene heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, similarity index and Nei’s genetic distance were calculated. The results showed that among the five species of groupers, the average effective allele number of brown grouper was the highest (6.849 3) and the smallest was grouper (2.608 6). Six pairs of microsatellite primers had rich polymorphism in these five populations, and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.666 7,0.751 3,0.441 9,0.664 0,0.542 6 respectively. Among the average observed heterozygosities (Ho), the highest values for tiger and blue spot were 0.940 0 and the lowest for saddle grouper was 0.508 3. The result of genetic distance and genetic similarity showed that the relationship between the cyanid and tiger dragons was similar to that of the male parent grouper. The alleles of the hybrid population are derived from both parents and their parents. It can be inferred that the genetic material of the hybrid generation comes from both parents and belongs to the genus Amphiprotic. It is a true hybrid. The level of genetic variation in hybrid progeny is significantly enhanced, which is the basis for the formation of an important genetic material for heterosis.