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按劳分配的经典理论有两大缺陷：一是社会扣除不统一，从而导致制度上的工酬不一致；二是直接的社会扣除，导致按流动形态的劳动分配。弥补上述两大缺陷，首先生明确＂人人社会扣除相等，剩余全部属于自己＂这一按劳分配的基本原则和基本极量界限；其次要建立按劳分配的两个基本层次．即社会对集体和集体对个人的分配。本文分四个部分。第一部分流述按劳分配的经典理论及制度；第二部分指出按劳分配的两大缺陷；第三部分针对第一个缺陷，提出按劳分配的原则和基本数量界限；第四部分针对第二个缺陷，提出建立两个基本层次的按劳分配体制和理论。
The classic theory of distribution according to work has two major defects: one is that social deductions are not uniform, leading to inconsistencies in the system of pay; the second is direct social deduction, leading to labor distribution according to the flow pattern. To make up for these two major pitfalls, first of all, we should clearly define the basic principle of “distribution according to work” and the basic limits of “all society should deduct the same and the remaining all belong to ourselves.” Secondly, we should establish two basic levels of distribution according to work. That is, society’s collective and collective distribution of individuals. This article is divided into four parts. The first part describes the classical theory and system of distribution according to work. The second part points out the two major defects of distribution according to work. The third part addresses the first defect and puts forward the principle of distribution according to work and the basic quantity limit. Two flaws, proposed the establishment of two basic levels of distribution according to work system and theory.