如何把皮肤细胞变成神经细胞?这是2005年Science 125周年庆时提出的125个科学前沿问题中的一个重大问题.本文主要论述了已有的一些成纤维细胞向神经细胞转分化的研究,包括神经元以及其他神经细胞的诱导,各种诱导方法以及诱导策略.目前皮肤细胞成为神经细胞在实验室中已成为现实,但要走向临床还有很长的路. How to turn skin cells into nerve cells? This is a major issue in the 125 frontiers of science put forward in the 125th anniversary of Science in 2005. This paper mainly discusses some of the existing studies on the transdifferentiation of fibroblasts to nerve cells, Including neurons and other neural cells induction, a variety of induction methods and induction strategies.Current skin cells into nerve cells in the laboratory has become a reality, but there is still a long way to go to clinical.