中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sisesis)俗称河蟹,属于节肢动物门,甲壳纲,十足目,方蟹科,绒螯蟹属。广泛分布于我国渤海、黄海、东海沿岸诸省市,穴居在江河湖荡的泥岸中。河蟹具有淡水中生长,海水中交配繁殖的习性。大眼幼体、幼蟹溯河而上,在淡水中生长发育,发育成熟的河蟹降河入海,在海水中交配繁殖。成蟹降河入海后集中在河口区域,并不做长距离迁徙,不同水系河蟹群体形成自然生殖隔离。我国地域辽阔,南北环境差异较大,长期适应不同水系生态环境的结果,逐渐形成了不同水系的河蟹地理种群。李晨虹、许加武等比较了不同水系河蟹的外部形态特征,并进一步给出了判别公式。但均未提及海河水系的河蟹,本文 Eriocheir sinensis (Eriocheir sisesis) commonly known as crabs, belonging to the arthropods, crustaceans, decapod, crab families, mitten crab. Widely distributed in China’s Bohai Sea, the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea coast provinces and cities, cave residence in the rivers and lakes in the mud bank. River crabs have the habit of growing in freshwater and mating in seawater. Large-eyed larvae, young crabs upstream, growth and development in freshwater, mature crabs down into the sea, breeding in seawater. Crab down into the sea after the river concentrated in the estuary area, do not do long-distance migration, different water crab population formation of natural reproductive isolation. China’s vast territory, large differences between the northern and southern environments, long-term adaptation to the results of different water ecosystems, and gradually formed a different river crab geographical populations. Li Chen-hong, Xu Jia-wu et al compared the external morphological characteristics of crabs in different water systems and further gave the discriminant formula. However, none of the crabs of the Haihe River system are mentioned in this article