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４０只大鼠随机分为４组，３０只采用气管内注入感染法建立肺炎克雷白杆菌性肺炎模型，按成人常用临床治疗剂量折算出大鼠的等效剂量，连续７ｄ腹腔注射头孢三嗪（ＣＲＯ）和丁胺卡那霉素（ＡＭＫ），活体取材测定免疫指标。结果显示：（１）各组对胸腺、脾重量及脾生发中心Ｂ细胞密度无影响；（２）ＣＲＯ能增强中性粒细胞化学发光；（３）ＣＲＯ增强巨噬细胞酸性磷酸酶活性，ＡＭＫ抑制巨噬细胞吞噬功能和抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用；（４）ＡＭＫ使Ｔ淋巴细胞ＣＤ和ＣＤ亚群降低。结果提示ＣＲＯ和ＡＭＫ能分别促进和抑制肺炎大鼠的免疫应答反应。
40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, 30 tracheal intratracheal Infection method to establish Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia model, according to the commonly used clinical treatment dose of adult equivalent dose of rats, continuous intraperitoneal injection of cefotetrazine 7d (CRO) and amikacin (AMK) were used to measure the immune index in vivo. The results showed that: (1) CRO could enhance the neutrophil chemiluminescence; (3) CRO enhanced the activity of acid phosphatase of macrophages, AMK Inhibit phagocytosis of macrophages and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; (4) AMK reduced T-lymphocyte CD and CD subsets. The results suggest that CRO and AMK can respectively promote and inhibit the immune response in pneumonia rats.