Study of borohydride ionic liquids as hydrogen storage materials

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Stability of borohydrides is determined by the localization of the negative charge on the boron atom. Ionic liquids (ILs) allow to modify the stability of the borohydrides and promote new dehydrogenation pathways with a lower activation energy. The combination of borohydride and IL is very easy to realize and no expensive rare earth metals are required. The composite of the ILs with complex hydrides de-creases the enthalpy and activation energy for the hydrogen desorption. The Coulomb interaction between borohydride and IL leads to a destabilization of the materials with a significantly lower enthalpy for hy-drogen desorption. Here, we report a simple ion exchange reaction using various ILs, such as vinylben-zyltrimethylammonium chloride ([VBTMA][Cl]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([bmim][Cl]), and 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide ([EMPY][Br]) with NaBH 4 to decrease the hydrogen desorption temperature. Dehydrogenation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium borohydride ([bmim][BH 4 ]) starts below 100 ℃. The quantity of desorbed hydrogen ranges between 2.4 wt% and 2.9 wt%, which is close to the theoretical content of hydrogen. The improvement in dehydrogenation is due to the strong amine cation that destabilizes borohydride by charge transfer.
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