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以空间图形和数据库为基础,利用GIS安塞县的土壤水分样点数据与地理数据结合起来,建立不同利用类型土地类型坡度分级的浮点型土壤含水率字段,对安塞县域尺度土壤水分制图及其定量化方法进行研究和探讨,对安塞县不同土层土壤水分状态和分布进行定量分析。结果表明:从土壤水分结构看,安塞县土壤水分总体上处于较低水平,0~500 cm土层平均土壤含水量在含水量为8.6%~10.8%的分布面积占到总土地面积的75.34%,在含水量<6.4%和6.4%~8.6%的分布面积占到总土地面积的19.36%,其中含水率<6.4%的土壤干层面积占到总土地面积的9.23%,其在上层分布面积大于下层,分布在一般(≥10.8%)以上水平的面积仅占总土地面积的5.31%。安塞县每2的土壤水库蓄水量在0~120 cm土层仅有0.06~0.07 m3,而其他土层都在0.15 m3以下。说明安塞县土壤水分环境极差,土壤水库的调节作用对于林木生长极其有限,大面积植树造林超越了安塞县土壤水库的供水和调水能力,是不适宜的;因此,在以适地适树原则适应土壤水分环境的同时,应加强土壤水分环境的改善。
Based on the spatial graph and the database, this paper used the data of soil water samples from GIS in Ansai County to combine with the geographical data to establish a floating-point soil moisture fractional field with different land use types. And its quantitative methods were studied and discussed. The soil moisture status and distribution in different soil layers in Ansai County were quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the soil water content of Ansai County was generally low, and the average soil water content of 0 ~ 500 cm soil layer accounted for 75.34% of the total land area with the water content of 8.6% ~ 10.8% % Of total land area, accounting for 19.36% of the total land area with water content <6.4% and 6.4% ~ 8.6%. Dry soil layer area with water content <6.4% accounted for 9.23% of the total land area, which distributed in the upper layer The area is larger than the lower level, and the area distributed above the normal level (≥10.8%) accounts for only 5.31% of the total land area. The water storage capacity of every 2 soil reservoirs in Ansai County is only 0.06 ~ 0.07 m3 in 0 ~ 120 cm soil layer, and 0.15 m3 in other soil layers. This shows that the soil water environment in Ansai County is extremely poor. The regulation effect of soil reservoirs is extremely limited for the growth of trees. Large-scale afforestation surpasses that of Ansai County soil reservoirs, so it is not suitable. Therefore, Adapt to tree principles to adapt to the soil water environment at the same time, we should strengthen the improvement of soil moisture environment.