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文章对汉英强调句焦点成分的类型特征进行了探讨,发掘了汉英强调句焦点成分焦点化的优先序列及有关共性和差异。汉英强调句焦点成分的优先序列为状语>主语>谓语>宾语;代词>具体名词;方式状语>时间状语。优先序列反映了语法参数之间的相互关系,反映了人们语言习惯的选择倾向性。汉语和英语的相同点是都比较容易强调主语和状语,差别是汉语的句子成分一般都可以成为焦点,英语的谓语较难成为焦点。基于图形背景理论的凸显观,作为新信息的汉语英语的状语更容易成为图形,更容易成为焦点。
This paper discusses the types and features of the focus component of the Chinese-English emphasis sentence and explores the priority sequence and related common features and differences of the focus of the Chinese-English emphasis sentence. The priority sequences of the emphasis components in Chinese and English sentences are adverbial> subject> predicate> object; pronoun> concrete noun; modal adverbial> temporal adverbial. The priority sequence reflects the interrelationship between the grammatical parameters and reflects the people’s choice of language habits. Chinese and English are the same points are easier to emphasize the subject and adverbial, the difference is that the Chinese sentence components can generally become the focus of English predicates more difficult to become the focus. Based on the prominent background of graphic theory, the adverb of Chinese as a new information is more likely to be a graphic and easier to become the focus.