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1 在科学社会主义发展史上,对社会主义的本质征最早作出系统概括的是恩格斯。他在《共产主义原理》一书中,回答:“这种新的社会制度应当是怎样的”问题时,提出了“私有制必须废除,代替它的是共同使用全部生产工具和按共同协议来分配产品”;“一切生产部门将由整个社会来管理”,即为了公共的利益按照总的计划和在社会全体成员的参加下来经营”等等。在马克思和恩格斯合著的《共产党宣言》中说“共产主义的特征不是要废除一般所有制,而是要废除资产阶级的所
In the history of the development of scientific socialism, Engels was the earliest systematic summary of the essence of socialism. In his book “Principles of Communism”, he replied: “What should be the new social system?” He proposed that “private ownership must be abolished. Instead of using all the tools of production together and distributing them according to a common agreement Product ”,“ all the productive sectors will be governed by society as a whole, ”that is, operating for the public interest according to the overall plan and with the participation of all members of society." In the Communist Manifesto co-authored by Marx and Engels, Communism is not characterized by the abolition of general ownership but by the abolition of the bourgeoisie