戏剧人物语言是剧中人物所说的话,但是,它们又都是由剧作家写出来的。因而,让剧中人说什么话,怎样说话,便一般被视为剧作家的权利。但是,这种权利有一个微妙之处,就是它并不总是主动的、随心所欲的,而经常是被动的、有着某种被迫意味的。于是,权利的另一面又表现为一种责任、一种义务。高尔基关于戏剧人物语言的著名论述可以说明这一点:剧本要求每个剧中人物用自己的语言和行动来表现自己的特征,而不用作者提示……剧中人物之被创造出来,仅 Drama characters language is the characters in the play, but they are written by the playwright. Therefore, it is generally regarded as the playwright’s right to let the people in the play speak and how to speak. However, one of the subtleties of this right is that it is not always active and arbitrary, but often passive and somewhat forced. The other side of the right then manifests itself as a responsibility, an obligation. Gorky’s well-known discourse on the language of dramatic characters illustrates this point: the script requires that each character in his play express his or her own characteristics in his or her own words and actions, without the hint from the author that ... characters in the play are created and only