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主要介绍了从动力学研究桑沟湾养殖容量的主要思路、方法及结果。研究以精细过程观测为基础,以数值模型为手段,从物理海洋学角度考察养殖海区水动力特征,研究水动力对物质循环的影响、对颗粒态/溶解态营养物质的补充和对养殖生物量的影响,探寻不同养殖模式效果的技术路线;介绍了两个航次设计方案与目的。通过观测发现养殖对水动力垂直结构有很大影响,底层流速最大并滞后表层,发现弱动力条件下海底颗粒物和营养盐无法进入水体上层的事实。据此提出双边界层动力模型,建立一维数值模型进行机制探讨,将养殖阻力三维化建立水动力数值模型,定量给出养殖对水动力和水交换的阻碍;以此驱动三维养殖生态模型,充分考虑养殖对水动力的影响、水动力对生源要素的输运。建立了一个真正的物理-生物过程耦合模型。利用该模型进行的数值模拟和实验表明,贝藻兼养多元养殖是健康、高效养殖的有利措施;桑沟湾在现有养殖模式下,目前已基本达到了它的养殖容量,养殖品种分布不变,减少养殖密度至目前的0.9倍会略微提高产量,降低成本;减少湾口海带养殖密度,会大幅度提高贝藻兼养区的营养盐总量和养殖生物产量,从海带与贝类经济价值对比会有更高的效益。人为提高水动力混合或许是解决湾内营养盐缺乏的途径。
The main ideas, methods and results of kinetic study on the farming capacity of Sanggou Bay are introduced. Based on the observation of fine process and the numerical model, the study examines the hydrodynamic characteristics of the aquaculture area from the perspective of physical oceanography, studies the effect of hydrodynamic forces on the material circulation, supplements the particulate / dissolved nutrients, To explore the technical route of different breeding mode effects; introduced two voyage design programs and purposes. The observation shows that aquaculture has great influence on the vertical structure of hydrodynamics, and the bottom flow velocity is the largest and lags behind the surface. The fact that seaweed particles and nutrients can not enter the upper water body under weak dynamic conditions is found. Based on this, a dual-layer dynamic model is proposed and a one-dimensional numerical model is established to discuss the mechanism. Three-dimensional aquaculture numerical model is established to quantitatively give impetus to aquaculture and water exchange. Thirdly, Give full consideration to the aquaculture impact on aquaculture, hydrodynamic transport of biogenic elements. Established a true physical-biological process coupling model. The numerical simulation and experiments using this model show that multiply aquaculture with seaweed is an effective measure for healthy and efficient aquaculture. Under the existing aquaculture model, Sanggou Bay has basically reached its aquaculture capacity and the distribution of cultured species is not Change to reduce the density of 0.9 to 0.9 times the current breeding will slightly increase production and reduce costs; reduce the density of bayou kelp farming will significantly increase the total nutrients and cultured aquaculture area Bayou algae biomass, from kelp and shellfish economic value Comparison will be more effective. Man-made hydrodynamic mixing may be the answer to the lack of nutrients in the Bay.