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作为类异戊二烯化合物中四萜的代表性产品番茄红素,在生物体中是典型的多酶参与催化的反应产物,在2-甲基-D-赤藓糖醇-4-磷酸盐(MEP)和甲羟戊酸(MVA)合成途径中起着至关重要的作用。从番茄红素在原核和真核中的多酶合成途径出发,针对番茄红素合成途径的各种优化策略,首先介绍了多酶合成中的常规调控方法,包括多基因共表达质粒构建、基因顺序调控、启动子与核糖体结合位点调控及基因敲除和替换等方法。之后介绍了一些新型的多酶调控方法,包括多片段组装技术、人工支架自组装方法等。最后重点介绍了这些多酶调控方法在番茄红素合成中的应用。这些多酶合成调控方法为构建高产番茄红素菌株提供了极大的启发和研究基础。
Lycopene, a representative product of tetraterpenes in isoprenoid compounds, is a typical multi-enzyme catalyzed reaction product in organisms. In the presence of 2-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) and mevalonate (MVA) synthesis pathway plays a crucial role. Starting from the multiple enzyme synthesis pathway of lycopene in prokaryotic and eukaryotic, various optimization strategies of lycopene synthesis pathway were introduced. First, the common regulation methods of multi-enzyme synthesis were introduced, including construction of multi-gene co-expression plasmid, Sequence control, promoter and ribosome binding site regulation and gene knockout and replacement methods. After introducing some new multi-enzyme regulation methods, including multi-fragment assembly technology, artificial scaffold self-assembly methods. Finally, the application of these multi-enzyme regulation methods in lycopene synthesis is mainly introduced. These multi-enzyme synthesis regulation methods provide a great inspiration and research foundation for the construction of high-yield lycopene strains.