科举时代的文人,除本名外,大都还有字、号及斋名。如果说本名寄托着长辈对子女的希望;那么,字、号则表示自己的追求或好恶。文人于正式的字、号外,尚有别号,这一般是他们在做八股文之余,作几句弄风吟月的诗时才用。这种别号一般不带有政治色彩。十九世纪末二十世纪初,民族危机空前加深,救亡成为这一时期社会思潮的主旋律。仁人志士几乎都全身心地投入了救亡运动。他们著文、作诗、演说、办学,号召民众奋起救亡。此间,有不少志 Civilization era literati, in addition to my own name, most of the word, number and vegetarian name. If my real name is entrusted with elders on their children’s hope; then, the word, said the number of their pursuit or likes and dislikes. Literary people in the official words, numbers, there are alias, which is generally they do more than eight-part essay, make a few verses of the moon only when the poem. This alias is generally not political. From the late nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, the national crisis deepened and salvation became the main theme of social thoughts in this period. Almost all devotees dedicated themselves to the national salvation movement. They write, write poems, give speeches, run schools, and call upon the people to rise and save. Here, there are many Chi