海员作为特殊的职业群体,长期生活在海洋—船舶的特殊环境中,受诸多不良因素的综合作用,除生理影响外,可引起神经—心理紧张,不仅致使工作能力下降,甚至导致意外事故的增加。海员所应具备的素质并不是一般人普遍具有的,心理选拔的目的是预测候选人员在船舶上工作的合适性,避免有心理障碍和心身疾病人员上船,对降低事故,促进航运安全,提高作业能力,具有重要意义。 As a special occupational group, seamen, as a special occupational group, has long lived in a special marine-ship environment and is subject to a combination of adverse factors. In addition to physiological effects, seamen can cause neuro- psychological stress, which not only leads to a decrease in working capacity but also an increase in accidents . The qualities that seafarers should possess are not generally available to the general public. The purpose of psychological selection is to predict the suitability of candidates for work on ships and to prevent persons with mental disorders and psychosomatic diseases from boarding the ship, to reduce accidents, promote the safety of shipping and enhance operations Ability, is of great significance.