云南X乡“男人狂欢节”的个案表明,地方政府为了迎合游客,把客观真实性作为游客对怀旧旅游的唯一追求,将当地彝族历史文化附会于旅游新民俗来发明传统,制造伪民俗,使传统文化陷入污名化的危险之中。为了传统文化和旅游业的可持续发展,涉及传统文化的旅游开发,无论开发对象是传统民俗、新民俗还是舞台艺术,都应该建立在尊重历史、尊重当地居民的前提下进行,坚决抵制伪民俗,处理好传统民俗、新民俗和舞台艺术之间的关系。只有这样,“传统的发明”才不至于污名化,才能够成为人类谋福利的一种有效手段。 The case of Yunnan X Township and “Men’s Carnival” shows that in order to cater to the tourists, local governments regard the objective authenticity as the sole pursuit of tourists for their nostalgic tourism and invent the traditions and create the false folk customs by attaching the local Yi culture and history to the new folk customs of tourism , So that the traditional culture into the danger of stigma. For the sake of sustainable development of traditional culture and tourism, tourism development involving traditional culture should be founded on the premise of respecting history and respecting local residents, regardless of whether the object of development is traditional folk custom, new folk custom or stage art, and resolutely resist pseudo-folk custom , Handle the relationship between traditional folk customs, new folk customs and the stage art. Only in this way will the “traditional invention” not be stigmatized and become an effective means of human welfare.