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Objective: To investigate the apoptosis effect of TNF-a on HepG2 cells and its mechanism in vitro.Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with TNF-α(400 U/mL).HepG2 cells treated with TNF-αfor 24 h and apoptosis was proved by DNA fragments on gel electrophoresis.Fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect Fas and FasL expression.HepG2 cells treated by TNF-αwere co-cultivated with normal HepG2 cells.Apoptosis of HepG2 cells was determined by the method of FACS.Results: After 24 h TNF-αtreatment, DNA was collapsed into fragments to form DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis; FasL expression increases and induces HepG2 cells apoptosis.By FACS, 98.4% of the co-cultivated cells were apoptosis, but 16.5% cells in control group were apoptosis.Conclusion: TNF-αcan induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells in vitro.FasL expression on TNF-αpre-treated HepG2 cells increased and these cells can lead normal HepG2 cells to apoptosis.This may attribute to the cure of virus hepatitis and hepatoma.