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马耳他中小学生“SEBD”现象正呈上升趋势,这种状况与马耳他中小学采用的以呵斥、顺从、奖惩等为基本手段的专制式管理模式,以竞争、淘汰、成绩等为基本特征的非依附式培养模式,以甄别、归类、定势等为表征的贴标签式管理机制有着密切关系。鉴于现实状况,马耳他创设了一个多层次、跨系统的全国性管理架构,在下上联动、校地结合教育机制的保障下,通过主辅联合、专代协作的运行体系的合力作用,缓解学生的“SEBD”。
The “SEBD” phenomenon among primary and secondary school pupils in Malta is on the rise. This situation is basically characterized by the autocratic management mode adopted by Maltese primary and secondary schools as the basic means of scolding, obeying, rewards and punishments, etc. Non-dependent training mode is closely related to the labeling management mechanism characterized by screening, categorization, and fixing. In view of the actual situation, Malta has created a nationwide multi-level and cross-system management structure. Under the cooperation of the lower and upper levels and the guarantee of the school and the education system, Malta alleviates students’ “SEBD ”.