本文从人口统计、生理生化、病理等方面叙述了高原缺氧与衰老的关系，探讨了缺氧导致衰老的机理，总结出高原居民有早衰现象，其平均期望寿命随海拔升高而降低；慢性缺氧在激发机体代偿功能的同时，引起了重要器官的损伤，加速了衰老过程。 This paper describes the relationship between hypoxia and senescence in the aspects of demography, physiology, biochemistry and pathology, explores the mechanism of hypoxia leading to senescence, summarizes the phenomenon that prehistoric decay occurs in plateau residents, and its average life expectancy decreases as altitude increases. Chronic Hypoxia, while stimulating the body’s compensatory function, causes damage to vital organs and accelerates the process of aging.