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声阻抗管四传声器法能有效地测试材料的传递损失,但是在个别测试频段会出现较大的误差。为研究误差的机理以及降低误差,以自制声阻抗管为例,基于四传声器测试法进行传递损失的测试实验。基于实验结果分析误差的影响因素,确定声阻抗管的三个结构参数进行优化。采用有限元分析的方法计算获得管内的声场分布云图和传递损失曲线并验证仿真结果的准确性。利用遗传算法对三个结构参数进行优化,达到提高测试精度和减小误差的效果。
Acoustic impedance four microphone method can effectively test the transmission loss of materials, but in the individual test band will appear larger errors. In order to study the mechanism of error and reduce the error, a self-made acoustic impedance tube was taken as an example to test the transmission loss based on the four-microphone method. Based on the experimental results, the influencing factors of the error were analyzed, and the three structural parameters of the acoustic impedance tube were optimized. Finite element analysis is used to calculate the sound field distribution curve and transmission loss curve in the pipe and to verify the accuracy of the simulation results. Using genetic algorithm to optimize the three structural parameters, to improve the accuracy of the test and reduce the effect of the error.