Background Coronary microembolization (CME) is characterized by distal microvascular occlusion.However,the inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets of CME are largely unknown.Methods A total of 11 Guangxi Bama miniature swines were divided into two groups:sham (n =5) and CME (n =6).Microspheres were injected into the left anterior descending artery of the CME group to make an animal model of CME.The expressions of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) and IRAK1,TRAF6,and AUF1 in the myocardium were detected by qPCR.Results In the CME group,microspheres,microinfarction,and inflammatory cell infiltration were found under an optical microscope.The expression levels of miR-146a were low in both groups.After CME,the expression levels of IRAK1,TRAF6,and AUF1 in the CME group were upregulated compared with those in the sham group (P ＜ 0.01;P ＜ 0.05;P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Conclusions AUF1,IRAK1 and TRAF6,but not miR-146a,could be involved,in myocardium inflammation following CME.