甲壳质(chitin)经脱乙酰基后得到甲壳胺,也称壳聚糖(chitosan)或几丁聚糖,广泛存在于虾蟹壳及昆虫外壳中,是一种天然高分子多糖化合物,化学名称α—乙酰胺基一2一脱氧—β—D—葡聚糖。其制备方法一般是将虾壳洗净,用酸浸渍后再用碱处理除去虾壳上的蛋白质、钙等杂质,即为甲壳质粗品,一般呈略带肉红色片状,可用0.5％的高锰酸钾、双氧水或草酸溶液进行处理,最后水洗、干燥、制得白色甲壳素。由于甲壳素分子量比较大,性质比较稳定,不溶于水、稀酸、稀碱,因此又称不溶性甲壳素。 Chitin obtained after deacetylation of chitosan, also known as chitosan (chitosan) or chitosan, widely found in shrimp crab shell and insect shell, is a natural polysaccharide compound, the chemical name α-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucan. The preparation method is generally washed shrimp shell, washed with acid and then treated with alkali to remove the shrimp shell protein, calcium and other impurities, that is, chitin crude, generally slightly red meat flakes, 0.5% available high Potassium manganate, hydrogen peroxide or oxalic acid solution for processing, and finally washed and dried to obtain white chitin. As chitin molecular weight is relatively large, relatively stable nature, insoluble in water, dilute acid, dilute alkali, it is also known as insoluble chitin.