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运用制度经济学的相关理论,从比较静态的角度分析制度体系对企业竞争力的作用体现为降低成本、增加效率、提高速度三大机制;从动态的角度分析企业竞争力伴随着制度变迁的动态演化过程,包括突破惯例、搜寻优势、重新选择三个阶段。我国垄断石油企业经过30多年的制度变迁,在国际石油市场展示出自己的特色和优势,但不合理的制度体制造成国有石油企业的竞争劣势。因此,国有石油企业需要进行正式和非正式制度体系的创新和变迁,从而有效提升企业竞争力,通过打破行政垄断与自然垄断交织的制度瓶颈,构建合理的价格体制,培育市场化、国际化、现代化的企业文化系统等,从而保持持续的市场竞争优势。
Using the theory of institutional economics, from the perspective of comparatively static analysis, the function of institutional system on the competitiveness of enterprises is embodied in three mechanisms: reducing costs, increasing efficiency and increasing speed; analyzing the dynamics of institutional competitiveness of enterprises from a dynamic perspective The evolutionary process includes breaking through conventions, searching for advantages, and re-selecting three stages. After more than 30 years of institutional change, China’s monopoly oil companies have demonstrated their own unique features and advantages in the international oil market. However, the unreasonable institutional system has created the competitive disadvantage of state-owned petroleum enterprises. Therefore, the state-owned petroleum enterprises need to innovate and change the formal and informal systems so as to effectively enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. By breaking the bottleneck of the system in which administrative monopolies and natural monopolies are interwoven, a reasonable pricing system should be established to foster market-oriented, internationalized, Modern corporate culture system, so as to maintain a sustained market competitive advantage.