采用超声引导下细针穿刺方法将ＰＣＲ—ＲＦＬＰ技术对３２例胰腺及其邻近器官细针穿刺标本进行Ｃ—ｋｉ—ｒａｓ等１２密码子突变应用于临床胰腺癌诊断。在２０例胰腺癌中１９例有Ｃ—ｋｉ—ｒａｓ第１２密码子突变，阳性率达９５％，而５例慢性胰腺炎，４例壶腹癌、３例胰岛细胞瘤等均无Ｃ—ｋｉ—ｒａｓ第１２密码子突变。结果说明超声引导下细针穿刺基因检测是诊断和鉴别诊断胰腺癌的安全有效方法。 Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration was used to apply PCR-RFLP technique to the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in 32 cases of pancreatic and its adjacent organ fine-needle puncture specimens with C-ki-ras and other 12 codon mutations. In 20 cases of pancreatic cancer, 19 cases of C-ki-ras codon 12 mutations, the positive rate of 95%, and 5 cases of chronic pancreatitis, 4 cases of ampullary carcinoma, 3 cases of islet cell tumors are not C-ki - mutation of ras 12th codon. The results show that ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration gene detection is a safe and effective method for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.