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本文从黄河流域的地质与地理、气象与气候、水文与泥沙、植被与土壤，以及人文与人口等方面综述了下游地上悬河与断流的环境地学背景，并从洪水与堤防、决口与改道、分流与运河，以及悬河与断流等方面分析了黄河下游河道变迁和现状问题。当前，为解决黄河缺水断流、洪水威胁和环境恶化等问题，应及时调整黄河中、上游国土整治对策，其中包括遵从自然规律、调整水土保持思路、倡导就地储水、遏制地面蒸发、控制沟谷发育及全面推进小流域治理。从环境地学的层次和地表系统动力学的高度来看，只要真正重视黄河与黄土相伴的自然特征，以确保流域土地资源的数量和质量为立足点，以自力、自助、自救解决流域的水资源问题为出发点，就能开拓国土整治的新思路，并能提出使人地关系协调和资源环境可持续利用的治黄方略。
This paper summarizes the environmental geology background of the overground river and the interception in the lower reaches from the aspects of geology and geography, meteorology and climate, hydrology and sediment, vegetation and soil, humanities and population in the Yellow River Basin. From the aspects of flood and embankment, Diversion and canal, as well as hanging river and breaking off the river in the lower Yellow River changes and the status quo. At present, in order to solve the Yellow River water and drought problems, flood threats and environmental degradation and other issues, should timely adjust the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River land reclamation measures, including compliance with the laws of nature, adjust the soil and water conservation ideas, advocate on-site water storage to curb surface evaporation, Control the development of valleys and comprehensively promote the management of small watersheds. From the perspective of environmental geology and surface system dynamics, as long as the natural characteristics of the Yellow River and loess are really valued, the quantity and quality of the land resources in the basin are taken as the starting point to solve the water resources of the river basin with self-help, self-help and self-help Problem as a starting point, we can open up new ideas of land remediation and put forward a strategy for rejuvenating the relations between man and land and the sustainable use of resources and environment.