返流性肾病是慢性尿路感染伴发膀胱输尿管返流(VUR),引起肾实质瘢痕、萎缩、肾功能异常的综合症。本病的发生与VVR、尿路感染、肾内返流关系密切。Tamm-Horsfall蛋白在本病患儿肾内出现的机理,已经阐明;高灌注学说可基本阐述本病后期中肾小球功能损害的机理。本病治疗,虽外科抗返流手术的成功率已很高,但因部分患儿VUR可自行缓解及消失,故提倡首应内科保守治疗。目前内科及外科手术的治疗界限已基本确立。 Reflux nephropathy is a syndrome of chronic urinary tract infection associated with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which causes renal parenchymal scarring, atrophy, and renal dysfunction. The occurrence of this disease and VVR, urinary tract infection, renal reflux is closely related. The mechanism by which Tamm-Horsfall protein appears in the kidney of this patient has been elucidated; the theory of high perfusion can basically explain the mechanism of glomerular dysfunction in the later stage of the disease. The treatment of this disease, although the success rate of surgical anti-reflux surgery has been very high, but some children with VUR relieve and disappear by themselves, it is recommended to be the first conservative medical treatment. Currently the medical and surgical treatment of the boundaries have been basically established.