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目的了解自发性糖尿病(GK)大鼠肾脏组织学的增龄性特点,以及病变进展的变化规律。方法 4周龄、12周龄、20周龄雄性GK大鼠各10只。周龄匹配的雄性Wistar大鼠30只为对照组。测血糖、UAlb等指标。取肾脏,进行大体、光镜、电镜观察。结果 GK大鼠血糖随周龄增加而增高(P<0.01),GK大鼠尿总蛋白浓度随周龄增加而增高(P<0.01);GK大鼠肾重量、肾长径、肾实质及肾皮质厚度随周龄增加而增加(P<0.01);光镜下随周龄增加肾小球逐渐出现局灶性玻璃样变,继之发生硬化、萎缩,肾小球血管及肾间质血管壁增厚、管腔闭塞等病理改变;4周龄GK大鼠的肾小球平均周长大于同周龄Wistar大鼠(P=0.01);电镜下大鼠肾脏的亚细胞结构出现萎缩及功能减退,并随着大鼠周龄的增加而加重。结论 GK大鼠血糖在4周龄已出现升高,之后在高水平延续,早期即出现典型的肾损害病理学变化,且随病程延长而加重。GK大鼠是研究T2DM肾损害的理想模型。
Objective To investigate the age-related features of renal histology in spontaneous diabetic rats (GK) and the changes of the pathological changes. Methods Four male GK rats, 12 weeks old and 20 weeks old, each had 10 rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were used as controls. Blood glucose, UAlb and other indicators. Take the kidneys, in general, light microscopy, electron microscopy. Results The blood glucose of GK rats increased with the increase of age (P <0.01), and the total protein concentration of GK rats increased with the increase of age (P <0.01). The weight of kidney, length of kidney, renal parenchyma and kidney The thickness of cortex increased with the increase of age (P <0.01). With the increase of age, glomeruli gradually appeared focal changes of glassy, followed by sclerosis, atrophy, glomerular and renal interstitium Thickening and lumen occlusion. The average glomerulus of 4-week-old GK rats was longer than Wistar rats of the same age (P = 0.01). Atrophy and hypofunction were observed in the kidneys under electron microscope , And aggravated with the increase of the age of rats. Conclusion The blood glucose of GK rats increased at the age of 4 weeks and then increased at a high level. The typical pathological changes of renal damage appeared early and aggravated with the prolongation of the course. GK rats is an ideal model for studying renal damage in T2DM.