在《纽约时报》的外部视角下,晚清面临着严重的政治危机:传统中央集权制权力结构弊端重重;以科举制为核心的传统科层制日趋过时;近代国家观念和民族意识缺乏。通过这一外部视角,从而我们也可以重新审视面临“数千年未有之变局”的晚清进行政治的近代转型的必要性和迫切性。 From the external perspective of the New York Times, the late Qing Dynasty was facing a serious political crisis: the power structure of the traditional centralized system was badly abused; the traditional bureaucratic system with the core of the system of the imperial examination became increasingly obsolete; the concept of state and the lack of national consciousness in modern times. Through this external perspective, we can also re-examine the necessity and urgency of the modern transition of politics in the late Qing Dynasty facing the “unprecedented changes that have taken place for thousands of years.”