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移动式床单位负压罩是一种以病床为单位的防护装置,为观察其对罩内空气净化效果及相关性能,采用载体定量试验和现场检测方法进行了研究。结果,启动负压罩运行20 min,罩内空气中0.5μm粒径的尘粒,在有人和无人条件分别下降98.6%和98.2%;对模拟室(约55 m3)内空气除菌率,无人条件下60 min达到100%,而有人条件下90 min达到100%。紫外线对过滤面上近距离(7 cm)照射2 min,对滤纸片上金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌杀灭率分别为100%和99.999%。负压罩运行条件下,负压差在-11.2 Pa～-6.8 Pa,噪声为46.5 dB～38.5dB;连续开机7 h,对温湿度无明显影响。结论,该装置具有良好的除尘、除菌效果,能有效控制负压罩内空气微生物气溶胶的扩散,对预防和控制负压罩控制区域内呼吸道传染病传播具有实际应用价值。
The negative pressure cover of mobile bed unit is a kind of protective device based on hospital bed. In order to observe its purifying effect on air inside the hood and its related performance, the carrier quantitative test and on-site detection method were studied. As a result, when the negative pressure hood was operated for 20 min, dust particles with a particle size of 0.5 μm in the air inside the hood decreased by 98.6% and 98.2%, respectively, in both manned and unmanned conditions. The air sterilization rate in the simulation chamber (about 55 m3) 100% at 60 min in no-man’s condition, 100% at 90 min in somebody’s condition. Ultraviolet radiation on the filter surface close (7 cm) irradiation 2 min, on the filter paper Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans kill rates were 100% and 99.999%. Negative pressure cover operating conditions, the negative pressure difference in the -11.2 Pa ~ -6.8 Pa, the noise is 46.5 dB ~ 38.5dB; continuous boot 7 h, no significant effect on temperature and humidity. In conclusion, the device has good dedusting and bacteriostasis effects, can effectively control the aerosol diffusion of air microbes in the negative pressure cover, and has practical application value for preventing and controlling the spread of respiratory infectious diseases in the negative pressure cover controlled area.