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实验证明,四倍体甜瓜种子明显比二倍体甜瓜种子大,而且饱满;幼苗期二倍体甜瓜的子叶呈椭圆形,颜色较深,真叶叶片薄而且小,叶色浅绿;四倍体甜瓜的子叶近圆形,叶片肥厚,颜色深绿,真叶叶片大而且厚,叶色深绿,四倍体甜瓜幼苗期的生长速度比二倍体甜瓜幼苗期的生长速度缓慢。四倍体甜瓜叶片保卫细胞、气孔及保卫细胞中叶绿体明显比二倍体甜瓜中的大,但四倍体甜瓜叶片气孔密度比二倍体甜瓜叶片气孔密度小。二倍体甜瓜种子发芽率比四倍体甜瓜种子发芽要高。利用不同倍性甜瓜种子和幼苗形态的差异,能够简便而有效地鉴别甜瓜的倍性。因此种子和幼苗的形态可以作为早期鉴别甜瓜倍性的可靠指标。
Experiments show that the tetraploid melon seeds were significantly larger than the diploid melon seeds, and plump; seedling diploid melon cotyledons oval, darker, true leaves thin and small, green leaf color; four times Melon cotyledons cotyledons round, leaf hypertrophy, dark green color, true leaves large and thick, dark green leaves, the growth of tetraploid melon seedling stage slower than the diploid melon seedling growth. The chloroplast in the guard cells, stomata and guard cells of tetraploid melon leaves were obviously larger than those in diploid melon, but the stomatal density of tetraploid melon leaves was smaller than that of diploid melon leaves. Diploid melon seeds germination rate higher than tetraploid melon seeds germination. Using different ploidy melon seeds and seedling morphology differences, can be easily and effectively identify the ploidy of melon. Therefore, seed and seedling morphology can be used as early identification of ploidy reliable indicators.