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目的探讨湘西土家族中老年高血压患者的生活方式和膳食习惯及其与同型半胱氨酸的交互作用。方法采用典型整群随机抽样方法,对长期居住在湖南湘西永顺县某土家族乡镇的223名土家族中老年居民进行现况调查,对所有调查对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。然后把第一阶段确诊的81例高血压患者作为高血压组,其他142名健康人作为对照组。调查项目主要包括人口学基本情况、生活方式以及日常与特色膳食习惯等。分析高血压患者的相关生活方式和膳食习惯与同型半胱氨酸的交互作用。结果单因素分析结果显示,每周重体力活动时间、步行时间,腰围,体质量指数(BMI),食用生冷食物、青豆、豆腐、黄豆、蛋类、泡菜和酸菜>3次/周与高血压的发生有关。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,重体力活动,高同型半胱氨酸血症,食用生冷食物、黄豆、蛋类和泡菜>3次/周是高血压的影响因素[OR(95%CI)分别为0.426(0.198~0.915),14.485(6.594~31.819),2.388(1.164~4.899),1.875(1.161~3.401),0.503(0.295~0.857),2.036(1.200~3.456);均P<0.05]。交互作用分析结果提示,无论有无重体力活动,以及在食用生冷食物、黄豆及泡菜或不食用蛋类的情况下,同型半胱氨酸升高患高血压的风险。结论高同型半胱氨酸血症以及经常食用生冷食物、黄豆和泡菜是湘西土家族中老年人群高血压的危险因素,而重体力活动和食用蛋类为保护因素。
Objective To explore the lifestyle and dietary habits of middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients and their interactions with homocysteine in Tujia nationality in western Hunan province. Methods A total sample of 223 Tujia middle-aged and elderly residents living in a Tujia and Xiangshan township, Xiangshun County, Hunan Province, who lived in Hunan for a long time, was investigated by a typical cluster random sampling method. Questionnaires, physical examinations and laboratory tests were performed on all the surveyed subjects. Then 81 cases of hypertension diagnosed in the first phase were selected as hypertension group and 142 healthy individuals as control group. The survey includes demographic basic conditions, lifestyle and daily and special dietary habits. To analyze the correlation between lifestyle and dietary habits and homocysteine in hypertensive patients. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that physical activity time, walking time, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), cold food, green beans, tofu, soybeans, eggs, kimchi and sauerkraut> 3 times a week and high blood pressure The occurrence of. Multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that heavy physical activity, hyperhomocysteinemia, cold foods, soybeans, eggs and kimchi> 3 times / week were the influencing factors of hypertension [OR (95% CI ) Were 0.426 (0.198-0.915), 14.485 (6.594-31.819), 2.388 (1.164-4.899), 1.875 (1.161-3.401), 0.503 (0.295-0.857) and 2.036 (1.200-3.456) respectively, all P <0.05] . The results of the interaction analysis suggest that homocysteine increases the risk of developing hypertension, with or without heavy physical activity, and eating chilled foods, soybeans and pickles, or eating no eggs. Conclusions Hyperhomocysteinemia and frequent consumption of cold food, soybeans and kimchi are the risk factors of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people in Tujia of western Hunan Province, while heavy physical activity and consumption of eggs are the protective factors.