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脉冲星自转非常稳定,可以用作时间标准,许多脉冲星的空间位置、自行、距离、自转周期及其导数等天体测量参数和天体物理参数都能被精确测定.由于脉冲星能够同时提供时间信号和空间位置坐标,安装在航天器上的脉冲星导航系统能够实现航天器的自主导航.首先根据航天器轨道动力学方程预测航天器的位置,再通过航天器上观测的脉冲到达时间和预报的脉冲到达时间之差,应用Kalman滤波计算航天器位置估计的误差,从而对航天器的位置进行修正.最后,分析初始误差、脉冲到达时间测量精度、脉冲星个数对导航精度的影响.
Pulsar rotation is very stable and can be used as a time standard, astrophysical parameters and astrophysical parameters such as spatial position, self, distance, rotation period and derivatives of many pulsars can be accurately determined. Since pulsars can simultaneously provide time signals And space position coordinates, the spacecraft-mounted Pulsar navigation system can realize the autonomous navigation of the spacecraft.Firstly, the position of the spacecraft is predicted based on the orbit dynamics equations of the spacecraft, and then the pulse arrival time and the predicted Kalman filter is used to calculate the position error of spacecraft and the position of spacecraft is corrected.Finally, the influence of initial error, measurement accuracy of pulse arrival time and number of pulsars on navigation accuracy is analyzed.