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“建材下乡”作为让利农民、扩大内需的重要举措,面临着低端建材产能扩张与新型环保建材“下乡”困难的市场冲突与政策挑战。本文对财政补贴政策的静态效应和动态效应进行经济学分析与实证模拟,结果表明:统一补贴率只能刺激农村消费却可能带来落后建材产能的扩张,而差别补贴政策则可以实现建材产业的结构调整和绿色环保建材的发展;“建材下乡”的时效性有限,其对农村消费和国内需求的刺激会逐渐减弱。当前,在稳增长的背景下,应当有计划地逐步扩大“下乡”产品的品种及范围。
As an important measure to benefit farmers and expand domestic demand, the “Building Materials Going to the Countryside” is facing the market conflicts and policy challenges of low-end building materials expansion and new environment-friendly building materials “going to the countryside”. This paper analyzes the static and dynamic effects of the financial subsidy policy by economic analysis and empirical simulation. The results show that: the unified subsidy rate can only stimulate rural consumption but may lead to the expansion of backward building materials production capacity, while the differential subsidy policy can achieve the building materials industry Structural adjustment and the development of green building materials; the limited timeliness of “building materials going to the countryside” will gradually weaken the stimulus to rural consumption and domestic demand. At present, under the background of steady growth, the variety and scope of products under the “countryside” should be gradually expanded in a planned manner.