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目的:观察12～14岁青少年男女不同部位骨密度(BMD)的变化规律。方法:利用双能 X 线骨密度仪对306例健康男女中学生行左前臂、腰椎和全身扫描,按性别不同,每一岁分一个组。结果:该年龄段(12～14岁)女孩 BMD 年增长速度快于同龄男孩,其 BMD 值也高于同龄男孩。各部位 BMD 值腰椎最高,其次为全身总BMD 和前臂远端1/3处,前臂远端1/10处最低。男女 BMD 年增长速度以腰椎和前臂远端1/10处较快。腰椎与全身总 BMD 相关性最好(P<0.001,r=0.674～0.811)。结论:该年龄段男女各部位 BMD 增长快慢不一,松质 BMD 增加快于皮质 BMD。测量腰椎 BMD 能反映全身 BMD 状况。
Objective: To observe the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in different parts of adolescents aged 12 ~ 14 years. Methods: 306 cases of healthy male and female high school students underwent left forearm, lumbar spine and whole body scanning by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. One group was divided into two groups according to gender. Results: The annual growth rate of BMD of girls in this age group (12 ~ 14 years) was faster than that of boys of the same age, and the BMD of them was also higher than that of the same age boys. The lumbar spine value of BMD of each part was the highest, followed by the total body BMD and the distal 1/3 of the forearm, the lowest one tenth of the distal forearm. The annual growth rate of BMD for both men and women is faster at 1/10 of the lumbar and forearm distal ends. The correlation between lumbar spine and total body BMD was the best (P <0.001, r = 0.674-0.811). Conclusion: The BMD of men and women in different age groups in this age group increased at different speeds, while that of loose BMD increased faster than that of cortical BMD. Measurement of lumbar spine BMD can reflect the status of the whole body BMD.