Record(s)与Archive(s)是西方档案学研究的核心概念,二者的关系、使用的差异及其翻译问题一直为国内档案界所争议。本文试以解构主义为理论依据,论述Record(s)与Archive(s)是相互兼容而不是非此即彼的二元对立耦合关系,并以英美两国不同的档案文化渊源和现实论证了Record(s)与Archive(s)使用偏好差异的原因。研究表明,Archive(s)相比于Record(s)被赋予更为复杂的社会性,特别包括积聚性、制度化、权力优先性等显著性特点。 Record (s) and Archive (s) are the core concepts of western archival studies. The relationship between the two and their differences in use and their translation issues have always been the subject of controversy in the domestic archives community. This paper attempts to deconstruction as the theoretical basis, discusses Record (s) and Archive (s) are compatible with each other rather than the binary opposition coupling relationship, and the British and the United States of different archival cultural origin and reality of the Record (s) and Archive (s) usage preferences. Research shows that Archive (s) is given more complex social features than Record (s), including notable features such as accumulation, institutionalization and power priority.