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目的分析探讨2005-2014年西安市风疹动态变化和流行特征,准确掌握西安市风疹发病趋势和疾病特点,为制定防制策略和防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2005-2014年西安市风疹疫情资料进行描述性研究,统计分析影响该病发病的主要因素。结果 10年间共报告发病5 179例,年平均报告发病率为6.47/10万;全年呈现一个发病高峰期为3-6月的春夏峰,发病占总发病的84.07%。职业分布以学生和幼托儿童为主,占发病总数的79.64%。发病年龄集中在20岁以下占总发病数的84.00%。结论西安市风疹发病的时间集中、地区差异明显、有人群聚集性,对于采取针对性预防风疹的控制措施提供了有利条件,当前防控风疹的关键在于预防学生和幼托儿童的发病和防止孕妇感染风疹引起的CRS。
Objective To analyze the dynamic changes and epidemic characteristics of rubella in Xi’an during 2005-2014 and to accurately grasp the trend and characteristics of the epidemic of rubella in Xi’an and to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of control strategies and prevention and control measures. Methods A descriptive study was conducted on the data of epidemic situation of rubella in Xi’an from 2005 to 2014. The main factors affecting the incidence of this disease were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 5 179 cases were reported in the past 10 years. The annual average incidence was 6.47 / 100 000. There was a spring-summer peak with a peak incidence of 3-6 months throughout the year, accounting for 84.07% of the total. Occupation distribution to students and child care-based, accounting for 79.64% of the total number of cases. The age of onset concentrated in the age of 20 accounted for 84.00% of the total number of cases. Conclusion The incidence of rubella in Xi’an is concentrated in time, with obvious regional differences and crowd aggregation, which provides favorable conditions for the targeted prevention of rubella. The key to prevention and control of rubella is to prevent the onset of the disease and to prevent the occurrence of the rubella in pregnant women Infection caused by rubella CRS.