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一、前言 近年来,由于近海工程、航海、石油开发和海洋气象的蓬勃发展,因此,信息也随之而迅速地发展起来。虽然当今电信技术和电子计算机存贮设备在不断发展,例如一个温式硬盘就能容纳5～10兆字节的信息,但仍然满足不了信息飞速发展的需求。海洋科研单位和全国绝大部分有关单位一样,过去由于数据处理技术十分落后,而使大量宝贵的信息未能得到运用,致使我们的事业蒙受极大的损失。目前,在整个计算机的应用中,用于各类数据处理的计算机约占80％以上,且要求计算机要具有很强的文字数据处理功能。如何在有限的存贮空间内存贮文字数据文件呢?这是计算机数据压缩技术所要研究的课题,亦是内存容量空间有待研究和解决的复杂性课题。因此,给我们在海洋水文、气象以及测报信息管理和科学计算中提出了一个新的问题——数据压缩技术如何应用于海洋科学信息管理。
I. Introduction In recent years, with the rapid development of offshore engineering, navigation, oil development and marine meteorology, information has been rapidly developed. Although today’s telecom technologies and computer storage devices are evolving, for example, a terabyte disk can hold 5 to 10 megabytes of information, it still can not meet the demand for rapid information growth. Marine scientific research units, like most other relevant units in the country, have suffered huge losses in the past due to the fact that data processing technologies are so backward that a great deal of valuable information has not been utilized. Currently, in the application of the entire computer, computers for various types of data processing account for about 80% or more, and require computers to have strong text data processing functions. How to store text data files in a limited storage space? This is the subject of computer data compression technology research, but also the complexity of the memory space to be studied and solved. Therefore, a new question has been raised in ocean hydrological, meteorological and geophysical information management and scientific computing - how to apply data compression technology to marine science information management.