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目的了解上海市临退役消防基层战斗员血镉水平,并提出干预建议。方法对1 892名上海市临退役消防基层战斗员静脉采血,使用原子吸收分光光度仪对血镉水平进行测定,并与对照组血镉水平情况进行比较分析。结果调查组血镉超标率为6.1%(115/1 892),对照组超标率为2.7%(32/1 178),差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.997,P<0.01)。消防基层战斗员血镉水平为(0.078±0.017)μmol/L,对照组血镉水平为(0.067±0.009)μmol/L,差异有统计学意义(t=23.372,P<0.01)。结论消防员的血镉超标率及血镉水平均高于对照组。建议密切关注消防员的职业健康状况,对血镉水平异常的消防员进行干预,并加强对消防员的职业健康教育。
Objective To understand the level of blood cadmium in firefighting grassroots fighters in Shanghai and propose the intervention. Methods A total of 1 892 venous blood samples from fighters at the grassroots level in Shanghai were enrolled in this study. Plasma cadmium levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and compared with that of the control group. Results The over-standard rate of blood cadmium in the investigation group was 6.1% (115/1 892), while that in the control group was 2.7% (32/1 178). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 17.997, P <0.01). The level of blood cadmium in firefighting grass-roots combatants was (0.078 ± 0.017) μmol / L, while that in control group was (0.067 ± 0.009) μmol / L, with a significant difference (t = 23.372, P <0.01). Conclusion The cadmium level and cadmium level of firefighters were higher than those of the control group. It is suggested to pay close attention to the occupational health status of firefighters, to intervene firefighters with abnormal blood cadmium levels, and to enhance occupational health education for firefighters.