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地震波在黏弹性介质中传播时,能量会出现明显的衰减异常,并且随频率变化而不同.因此,本文从Q值基本定义出发,提出了一种基于Teager主能量的Q值提取算法.该算法首先由广义S变换得到信号的时频谱,然后在时频域计算地震波的单频Teager-Kaiser能量,并得到Teager-Kaiser主能量,最后计算抽样波长距离内的相对衰减量,得到衰减拟Q值,实现油、气、水层的有效表征.该方法将能量属性与储层定性表征联系在一起,为储层预测提供了一种新思路,实际数据的应用效果表明该方法可以有效的区分油、水层.
When the seismic waves propagate in viscoelastic medium, the energy will have obvious attenuation anomalies and vary with the frequency. Therefore, based on the basic definition of Q value, a Q-value extraction algorithm based on Teager main energy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the time-frequency spectrum of the signal is obtained from the generalized S-transform, then the single-frequency Teager-Kaiser energy of the seismic wave is calculated in the time-frequency domain and the main energy of Teager-Kaiser is obtained. Finally, the relative attenuation within the sampling wavelength distance is calculated. So as to realize the effective characterization of oil, gas and water.This method links the energy attribute with the qualitative characterization of the reservoir, and provides a new idea for the reservoir prediction.The application of the actual data shows that the method can effectively distinguish oil , Water layer.