戏曲,就京剧来讲,过去是没有“作曲”这行专业的。他们的唱腔创作,基本上都是由一些舞台经验丰富的演员和琴师来担承。虽然他们也没有一套成文的理论为指导,可是这些前辈艺人,由于他们会的戏多,见识广,他们能从其丰富的舞台经历中和大量的传统剧目中(也包括当代创作的新剧目)悉心领会出,由前人和当代人为本剧种唱腔的形式和技法所规范出的一些程式来,有了这些程式的依据和 Opera, Beijing Opera, the past is no “composer” this line of professional. Their aria creation is basically supported by some stage experienced actors and musicians. Although they are not guided by a set of written theories, these forerunners, because of their rich experience and wide knowledge, can draw from their rich stage experience and a large number of traditional plays (including new repertoire of contemporary creations ) Had a good grasp of some of the programs that were formalized by the forms and techniques of predecessors and contemporary-performers’ aria and had the basis of these programs and